Bill Text: NY S04524 | 2019-2020 | General Assembly | Amended


Bill Title: Relates to school bus safety cameras; relates to owner liability for failure of operator to stop for a school bus displaying a red visual signal and stop-arm; authorizes school districts to enter into agreements with municipalities for the installation and use of school bus photo violation monitoring systems; makes related provisions.

Spectrum: Moderate Partisan Bill (Democrat 8-1)

Status: (Passed) 2019-08-06 - signed chap.145 [S04524 Detail]

Download: New_York-2019-S04524-Amended.html


                STATE OF NEW YORK
        ________________________________________________________________________
                                         4524--B
            Cal. No. 408
                               2019-2020 Regular Sessions
                    IN SENATE
                                     March 14, 2019
                                       ___________
        Introduced  by  Sens. KENNEDY, KAPLAN, SANDERS, THOMAS -- read twice and
          ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee  on
          Transportation   --   committee   discharged,  bill  amended,  ordered
          reprinted as amended and recommitted to  said  committee  --  reported
          favorably  from  said  committee,  ordered to first and second report,
          ordered to a third reading, amended and ordered  reprinted,  retaining
          its place in the order of third reading
        AN  ACT  to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to school bus
          safety cameras and owner liability for operator  illegally  overtaking
          or  passing  a  school  bus;  to  amend  the general municipal law, in
          relation to jurisdiction and procedure; to amend the  public  officers
          law,  in relation to certain photographs, videotapes or other recorded
          images; and to amend the education law,  in  relation  to  authorizing
          school districts to enter into agreements for the installation and use
          of school bus safety cameras
          The  People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem-
        bly, do enact as follows:
     1    Section 1. Subdivision 1 of section 235 of  the  vehicle  and  traffic
     2  law,  as  amended  by  section  1 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is
     3  amended to read as follows:
     4    1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general,  special
     5  or  local  law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which
     6  heretofore or hereafter is authorized  to  establish  an  administrative
     7  tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions consti-
     8  tuting  parking,  standing  or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the
     9  liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section  eleven
    10  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
    11  eleven-a  of  this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
    12  violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven  of  this
    13  chapter  in  accordance  with  sections  eleven hundred eleven-b of this
    14  chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters  twenty,  [twenty-one,]
         EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                              [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                                   LBD09710-08-9

        S. 4524--B                          2
     1  and  twenty-two  of  the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the
     2  liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section  eleven
     3  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
     4  eleven-d  of  this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
     5  violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four  of  this  chapter  in
     6  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
     7  or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations  of  subdivision
     8  (d)  of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with
     9  section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or  to  adjudicate  the
    10  liability  of  owners  for  violations of toll collection regulations as
    11  defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand
    12  nine hundred eighty-five of the  public  authorities  law  and  sections
    13  sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
    14  of  the  laws  of  nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of
    15  owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chap-
    16  ter  for  violations  of bus lane restrictions as defined in subdivision
    17  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of such section, or to adjudicate the  liabil-
    18  ity  of  owners  for violations of section eleven hundred eighty of this
    19  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chap-
    20  ter, such tribunal and the  rules  and  regulations  pertaining  thereto
    21  shall  be  constituted  in  substantial  conformance  with the following
    22  sections.
    23    § 1-a. Section 235 of the vehicle  and  traffic  law,  as  amended  by
    24  section  1-a  of  chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as
    25  follows:
    26    § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
    27  general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
    28  any city which heretofore or hereafter is  authorized  to  establish  an
    29  administrative  tribunal  to  hear  and  determine complaints of traffic
    30  infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
    31  adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d)  of
    32  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    33  eleven  hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability
    34  of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of  section  eleven  hundred
    35  eleven  of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  sections eleven hundred
    36  eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters  twen-
    37  ty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to
    38  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
    39  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    40  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the  liability
    41  of  owners  for  violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred
    42  eleven of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    43  eleven-e  of  this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
    44  violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four  of  this  chapter  in
    45  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
    46  or to  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners  for  violations  of  toll
    47  collection  regulations  as  defined  in  and  in  accordance  with  the
    48  provisions of section two  thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-five  of  the
    49  public  authorities  law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c
    50  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws  of  nineteen  hundred
    51  fifty,  or  to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section
    52  eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chapter  for  violations  of  bus  lane
    53  restrictions  as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability
    54  of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of
    55  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section
    56  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and

        S. 4524--B                          3
     1  regulations  pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in substantial
     2  conformance with the following sections.
     3    §  1-b.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as amended by
     4  section 1-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended  to  read  as
     5  follows:
     6    § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
     7  general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
     8  any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
     9  administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
    10  infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
    11  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
    12  section eleven  hundred  eleven  of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with
    13  sections  eleven  hundred  eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections
    14  sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws  of
    15  two  thousand  nine,  or  to  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners for
    16  violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven  of  this
    17  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    18  ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivi-
    19  sion  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance
    20  with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or  to  adjudicate
    21  the  liability of owners for violations of section eleven hundred seven-
    22  ty-four of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred seven-
    23  ty-four-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners  for
    24  violations  of  toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord-
    25  ance with the provisions of section two thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-
    26  five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
    27  sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
    28  hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in  accordance  with
    29  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus
    30  lane restrictions as defined in  such  section,  or  to  adjudicate  the
    31  liability  of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or
    32  (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance  with
    33  section  eleven  hundred eighty-b of this chapter, such tribunal and the
    34  rules  and  regulations  pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in
    35  substantial conformance with the following sections.
    36    §  1-c.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as amended by
    37  section 1-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended  to  read  as
    38  follows:
    39    § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
    40  general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
    41  any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
    42  administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
    43  infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
    44  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
    45  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    46  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the  liability
    47  of  owners  for  violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred
    48  eleven of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    49  eleven-e  of  this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
    50  violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four  of  this  chapter  in
    51  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
    52  or to  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners  for  violations  of  toll
    53  collection  regulations  as  defined  in  and  in  accordance  with  the
    54  provisions of section two  thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-five  of  the
    55  public  authorities  law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c
    56  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws  of  nineteen  hundred

        S. 4524--B                          4
     1  fifty,  or  to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section
     2  eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chapter  for  violations  of  bus  lane
     3  restrictions  as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the liability
     4  of  owners  for  violations  of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of
     5  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section
     6  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and
     7  regulations pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in  substantial
     8  conformance with the following sections.
     9    §  1-d.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as amended by
    10  section 1-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended  to  read  as
    11  follows:
    12    § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
    13  general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
    14  any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
    15  administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
    16  infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
    17  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
    18  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    19  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the  liability
    20  of  owners  for  violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred
    21  eleven of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    22  eleven-e  of  this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
    23  violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four  of  this  chapter  in
    24  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
    25  or to  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners  for  violations  of  toll
    26  collection  regulations  as  defined  in  and  in  accordance  with  the
    27  provisions of section two  thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-five  of  the
    28  public  authorities  law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c
    29  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws  of  nineteen  hundred
    30  fifty,  or  to adjudicate liability of owners for violations of subdivi-
    31  sions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of  this  chapter  in
    32  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, such
    33  tribunal and the rules  and  regulations  pertaining  thereto  shall  be
    34  constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections.
    35    §  1-e.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as amended by
    36  section 1-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended  to  read  as
    37  follows:
    38    § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
    39  general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
    40  any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
    41  administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
    42  infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
    43  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
    44  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    45  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the  liability
    46  of  owners  for  violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred
    47  eleven of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    48  eleven-e  of  this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for
    49  violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four  of  this  chapter  in
    50  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
    51  or to  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners  for  violations  of  toll
    52  collection  regulations  as  defined  in  and  in  accordance  with  the
    53  provisions of section two  thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-five  of  the
    54  public  authorities  law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c
    55  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws  of  nineteen  hundred
    56  fifty,  such  tribunal  and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto

        S. 4524--B                          5
     1  shall be constituted  in  substantial  conformance  with  the  following
     2  sections.
     3    §  1-f.  Section  235  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as amended by
     4  section 1-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended  to  read  as
     5  follows:
     6    § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
     7  general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
     8  any  city  which  heretofore  or hereafter is authorized to establish an
     9  administrative tribunal to hear  and  determine  complaints  of  traffic
    10  infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
    11  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of
    12  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    13  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the  liability
    14  of  owners for violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this
    15  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this
    16  chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll
    17  collection  regulations  as  defined  in  and  in  accordance  with  the
    18  provisions  of  section  two  thousand  nine  hundred eighty-five of the
    19  public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c
    20  of  chapter  seven  hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred
    21  fifty, such tribunal and the rules and  regulations  pertaining  thereto
    22  shall  be  constituted  in  substantial  conformance  with the following
    23  sections.
    24    § 1-g. Section 235 of the  vehicle  and  traffic  law,  as  separately
    25  amended  by  chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and chapter 379 of the laws
    26  of 1992, is amended to read as follows:
    27    § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any
    28  general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in
    29  any city which heretofore or hereafter is  authorized  to  establish  an
    30  administrative  tribunal  to  hear  and  determine complaints of traffic
    31  infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to
    32  adjudicate the liability of owners  for  violations  of  section  eleven
    33  hundred  seventy-four  of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
    34  hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate  the  liability
    35  of  owners  for  violations of toll collection regulations as defined in
    36  and in accordance with the  provisions  of  section  two  thousand  nine
    37  hundred   eighty-five   of  the  public  authorities  law  and  sections
    38  sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
    39  of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, such tribunal and the  rules  and
    40  regulations  pertaining  thereto  shall  be  constituted  in substantial
    41  conformance with the following sections.
    42    § 2. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic  law,  as
    43  amended  by  section 2 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to
    44  read as follows:
    45    1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized  such
    46  tribunal  when  created  shall be known as the parking violations bureau
    47  and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions  which  constitute  a
    48  parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to
    49  subdivision  (a)  of  section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or
    50  subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter  as
    51  added  by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-
    52  two of the laws of two thousand nine,  or  subdivision  (a)  of  section
    53  eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section
    54  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or subdivision (a)  of  section
    55  eleven  hundred  seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter, shall adjudicate the
    56  liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section  eleven

        S. 4524--B                          6
     1  hundred  eleven  of  this chapter in accordance with such section eleven
     2  hundred eleven-a, sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by  sections
     3  sixteen  of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of
     4  two  thousand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven
     5  hundred eleven-e and  shall  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners  for
     6  violations  of  toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord-
     7  ance with the provisions of section two thousand  nine  hundred  eighty-
     8  five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
     9  sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
    10  hundred fifty and shall adjudicate liability  of  owners  in  accordance
    11  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of
    12  bus lane restrictions as defined in such section  and  shall  adjudicate
    13  liability  of  owners in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-
    14  four-a of this chapter for violations of section eleven  hundred  seven-
    15  ty-four of this chapter and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for
    16  violations  of  subdivision  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
    17  hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
    18  eighty-b of this chapter. Such tribunal, except in a city with  a  popu-
    19  lation of one million or more, shall also have jurisdiction of abandoned
    20  vehicle  violations.  For  the  purposes  of  this  article,  a  parking
    21  violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing  for
    22  or  regulating  the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi-
    23  tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include
    24  the commissioner of traffic  of  the  city  or  an  official  possessing
    25  authority as such a commissioner.
    26    § 2-a. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
    27  amended by section 2-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to
    28  read as follows:
    29    1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
    30  tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
    31  and  shall  have  jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a
    32  parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to
    33  subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter  as
    34  added  by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-
    35  two of the laws of two thousand nine,  or  subdivision  (a)  of  section
    36  eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section
    37  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or subdivision (a)  of  section
    38  eleven  hundred  seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter, shall adjudicate the
    39  liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section  eleven
    40  hundred  eleven  of this chapter in accordance with such sections eleven
    41  hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twen-
    42  ty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of  two  thousand  nine  or  section
    43  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  or section eleven hundred eleven-e; and shall
    44  adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred
    45  eleven-c of this chapter for violations  of  bus  lane  restrictions  as
    46  defined  in  such  section  and  shall adjudicate liability of owners in
    47  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter
    48  for  violations  of  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter
    49  and shall adjudicate liability of owners for violations of  subdivisions
    50  (c)  and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord-
    51  ance with section eleven hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter.  For  the
    52  purposes  of  this  article, a parking violation is the violation of any
    53  law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the  parking,  stop-
    54  ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article,
    55  "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the
    56  city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner.

        S. 4524--B                          7
     1    § 2-b. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
     2  amended by section 2-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to
     3  read as follows:
     4    1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
     5  tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
     6  and  shall  have  jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a
     7  parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to
     8  subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d or subdivision (a) of
     9  section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or subdivision  (a)  of
    10  section  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, shall adjudicate
    11  liability of owners in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-c
    12  of  this  chapter  for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in
    13  such  section;  and  shall  adjudicate  the  liability  of  owners   for
    14  violations  of  subdivision  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
    15  hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
    16  eighty-b of this chapter. For the purposes of this  article,  a  parking
    17  violation  is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for
    18  or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle.  In  addi-
    19  tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include
    20  the  commissioner  of  traffic  of  the  city  or an official possessing
    21  authority as such a commissioner.
    22    § 2-c. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
    23  amended by section 2-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to
    24  read as follows:
    25    1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized  such
    26  tribunal  when  created  shall be known as the parking violations bureau
    27  and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to  subdivision  (a)
    28  of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of
    29  section  eleven  hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of
    30  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, shall have juris-
    31  diction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation  and
    32  shall  adjudicate  the liability of owners for violations of subdivision
    33  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
    34  ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this  chapter.
    35  For  the  purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation
    36  of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the  parking,
    37  stopping  or  standing  of  a  vehicle. In addition for purposes of this
    38  article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf-
    39  fic of the city or an official possessing authority as  such  a  commis-
    40  sioner.
    41    § 2-d. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
    42  amended by section 2-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to
    43  read as follows:
    44    1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
    45  tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
    46  and,  where  authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a)
    47  of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of
    48  section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or subdivision  (a)  of
    49  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, shall have juris-
    50  diction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation. For
    51  the  purposes  of  this article, a parking violation is the violation of
    52  any law, rule or regulation providing for  or  regulating  the  parking,
    53  stopping  or  standing  of  a  vehicle. In addition for purposes of this
    54  article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf-
    55  fic of the city or an official possessing authority as  such  a  commis-
    56  sioner.

        S. 4524--B                          8
     1    § 2-e. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
     2  amended by section 2-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to
     3  read as follows:
     4    1.  Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such
     5  tribunal when created shall be known as the  parking  violations  bureau
     6  and where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of
     7  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-e  or subdivision (a) of section eleven
     8  hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction of traf-
     9  fic infractions which constitute a parking violation. For  the  purposes
    10  of  this  article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule
    11  or regulation providing for  or  regulating  the  parking,  stopping  or
    12  standing  of  a  vehicle.  In  addition  for  purposes  of this article,
    13  "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the
    14  city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner.
    15    § 2-f. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
    16  added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, is amended to read as follows:
    17    1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized  such
    18  tribunal  when  created  shall be known as the parking violations bureau
    19  and where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of
    20  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, shall have juris-
    21  diction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation. For
    22  the purposes of this article, a parking violation is  the  violation  of
    23  any  law,  rule  or  regulation providing for or regulating the parking,
    24  stopping or standing of a vehicle. In  addition  for  purposes  of  this
    25  article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf-
    26  fic  of  the  city or an official possessing authority as such a commis-
    27  sioner.
    28    § 3. Section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a
    29  new subdivision 16 to read as follows:
    30    16. To adjudicate the liability of owners for  violations  of  section
    31  eleven  hundred  seventy-four of this chapter in accordance with section
    32  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, if  authorized  by  local
    33  law  adopted  pursuant to subdivision (a) of such section eleven hundred
    34  seventy-four-a.
    35    § 4. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of  the  vehicle  and
    36  traffic law, as amended by section 4 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015,
    37  is amended to read as follows:
    38    f.  "Notice  of  violation"  means a notice of violation as defined in
    39  subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven  of  this  article,
    40  but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant
    41  to  authorization  set  forth in section eleven hundred eleven-a of this
    42  chapter, or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by
    43  sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the
    44  laws of two thousand nine, or section eleven hundred  eleven-d  of  this
    45  chapter,  or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or section
    46  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, and shall not  be  deemed
    47  to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section two thousand
    48  nine  hundred  eighty-five  of  the  public authorities law and sections
    49  sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
    50  of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall not be deemed to include
    51  a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c
    52  of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability
    53  issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter.
    54    § 4-a. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle  and
    55  traffic  law,  as  amended  by section 4-a of chapter 222 of the laws of
    56  2015, is amended to read as follows:

        S. 4524--B                          9
     1    f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of  violation  as  defined  in
     2  subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article but
     3  shall  not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to
     4  authorization set forth in sections  eleven  hundred  eleven-b  of  this
     5  chapter  as  added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,]
     6  and twenty-two of the laws  of  two  thousand  nine  or  section  eleven
     7  hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of
     8  this chapter or section eleven hundred seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter
     9  and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant
    10  to  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of this chapter and shall not be
    11  deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section elev-
    12  en hundred eighty-b of this chapter.
    13    § 4-b. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle  and
    14  traffic  law,  as  amended  by section 4-b of chapter 222 of the laws of
    15  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    16    f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of  violation  as  defined  in
    17  subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and
    18  shall  not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to
    19  authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    20  ter or to a notice of liability issued  pursuant  to  authorization  set
    21  forth  in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or to a notice
    22  of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section elev-
    23  en hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter and shall  not  be  deemed  to
    24  include  a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred
    25  eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice  of
    26  liability  issued  pursuant  to  section eleven hundred eighty-b of this
    27  chapter.
    28    § 4-c. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle  and
    29  traffic  law,  as  amended  by section 4-c of chapter 222 of the laws of
    30  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    31    f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of  violation  as  defined  in
    32  subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and
    33  shall  not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to
    34  authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    35  ter or to a notice of liability issued  pursuant  to  authorization  set
    36  forth  in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or to a notice
    37  of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section elev-
    38  en hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter and shall  not  be  deemed  to
    39  include  a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred
    40  eighty-b of this chapter.
    41    § 4-d. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle  and
    42  traffic  law,  as  amended  by section 4-d of chapter 222 of the laws of
    43  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    44    f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of  violation  as  defined  in
    45  subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and
    46  shall  not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to
    47  authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    48  ter or to a notice of liability issued  pursuant  to  authorization  set
    49  forth  in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or to a notice
    50  of liability issued pursuant to authorization set forth in section elev-
    51  en hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter.
    52    § 4-e. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle  and
    53  traffic  law,  as  amended  by section 4-e of chapter 222 of the laws of
    54  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    55    f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of  violation  as  defined  in
    56  subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and

        S. 4524--B                         10
     1  shall  not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to
     2  authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap-
     3  ter or to a notice of liability issued  pursuant  to  authorization  set
     4  forth in section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter.
     5    §  4-f. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and
     6  traffic law, as added by chapter 180 of the laws of 1980, is amended  to
     7  read as follows:
     8    f.  "Notice  of  violation"  means a notice of violation as defined in
     9  subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and
    10  shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant  to
    11  authorization set forth in section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this
    12  chapter.
    13    §  5. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic
    14  law, as amended by section 5 of chapter 222 of the  laws  of  2015,  are
    15  amended to read as follows:
    16    1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
    17  violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to  be  liable
    18  in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or
    19  sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as  added  by  sections
    20  sixteen  of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of
    21  two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or
    22  section eleven hundred eleven-e  of  this  chapter,  or  section  eleven
    23  hundred  seventy-four-a  of this chapter, for a violation of subdivision
    24  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter contests such alle-
    25  gation, or a  person  alleged  to  be  liable  in  accordance  with  the
    26  provisions  of  section  two  thousand  nine  hundred eighty-five of the
    27  public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of
    28  chapter seven hundred seventy-four  of  the  laws  of  nineteen  hundred
    29  fifty,  or  a  person  alleged  to  be  liable  in  accordance  with the
    30  provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c  of  this  chapter  for  a
    31  violation  of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests
    32  such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the
    33  provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b  of  this  chapter  for  a
    34  violation  of  subdivision  (b),  (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
    35  hundred eighty of this chapter  contests  such  allegation,  the  bureau
    36  shall  advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as
    37  the director may direct of the date on which he or she  must  appear  to
    38  answer  the  charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of
    39  hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning
    40  to advise the person so pleading or contesting that failure to appear on
    41  the date designated, or on  any  subsequent  adjourned  date,  shall  be
    42  deemed  an  admission  of  liability, and that a default judgment may be
    43  entered thereon.
    44    1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a  plea  of  not  guilty  has  been
    45  entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
    46  in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or
    47  sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as  added  by  sections
    48  sixteen  of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of
    49  two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter  or
    50  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-e  of  this  chapter  or section eleven
    51  hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or an allegation of liability  in
    52  accordance  with  section  two  thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the
    53  public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of
    54  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty
    55  or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred
    56  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  or an allegation of liability in accordance

        S. 4524--B                         11
     1  with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter,  is   being
     2  contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits
     3  has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue
     4  any  notice  of  fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the
     5  hearing.
     6    § 5-a. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and  traf-
     7  fic  law,  as amended by section 5-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015,
     8  are amended to read as follows:
     9    1. Notice of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with  a  parking
    10  violation  enters  a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable
    11  in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this  chapter  as
    12  added  by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-
    13  two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred  eleven-d
    14  of  this  chapter  or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or
    15  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter for a violation of
    16  subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter,  or  a
    17  person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section
    18  eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of this chapter for a violation of a bus lane
    19  restriction as defined in such section contests such  allegation,  or  a
    20  person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section
    21  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of this chapter for violations of subdivision
    22  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
    23  ter contests such  allegation,  the  bureau  shall  advise  such  person
    24  personally  by  such form of first class mail as the director may direct
    25  of the date on which he or she must appear to answer  the  charge  at  a
    26  hearing.  The  form  and  content  of  such  notice  of hearing shall be
    27  prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning  to  advise  the
    28  person  so  pleading  or  contesting  that failure to appear on the date
    29  designated, or on any subsequent adjourned  date,  shall  be  deemed  an
    30  admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther-
    31  eon.
    32    1-a.  Fines  and  penalties.  Whenever  a  plea of not guilty has been
    33  entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
    34  in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter,  as
    35  added  by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-
    36  two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section elev-
    37  en hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section elev-
    38  en  hundred  eleven-e  of  this  chapter  or  section   eleven   hundred
    39  seventy-four-a  of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accord-
    40  ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an  allega-
    41  tion  of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of
    42  this chapter is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion  and  a
    43  hearing  upon  the  merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held,
    44  the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that  person
    45  prior to the date of the hearing.
    46    §  5-b. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf-
    47  fic law, as amended by section 5-b of chapter 222 of the laws  of  2015,
    48  are amended to read as follows:
    49    1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
    50  violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to  be  liable
    51  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in
    52  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-e  of this chapter or
    53  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or  in  accordance
    54  with  the  provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter
    55  for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined  in  such  section,
    56  contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance

        S. 4524--B                         12
     1  with  the  provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter
     2  for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev-
     3  en hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation,  the  bureau
     4  shall  advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as
     5  the director may direct of the date on which he or she  must  appear  to
     6  answer  the  charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of
     7  hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning
     8  to advise the person so pleading that failure  to  appear  on  the  date
     9  designated,  or  on  any  subsequent  adjourned date, shall be deemed an
    10  admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther-
    11  eon.
    12    1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a  plea  of  not  guilty  has  been
    13  entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
    14  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in
    15  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-e  of this chapter or
    16  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or  in  accordance
    17  with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of
    18  liability  in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eighty-b of this
    19  chapter is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a  hear-
    20  ing  upon  the  merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the
    21  bureau shall not issue any notice of fine  or  penalty  to  that  person
    22  prior to the date of the hearing.
    23    §  5-c. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf-
    24  fic law, as amended by section 5-c of chapter 222 of the laws  of  2015,
    25  are amended to read as follows:
    26    1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
    27  violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be  liable
    28  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or a
    29  person  alleged  to  be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred
    30  eleven-e of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance
    31  with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, or a  person
    32  alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven
    33  hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c),
    34  (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of  section  eleven  hundred  eighty of this chapter
    35  contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally
    36  by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the  date
    37  on  which  he  or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The
    38  form and content of such notice of hearing shall be  prescribed  by  the
    39  director,  and  shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading
    40  that failure to appear on the date  designated,  or  on  any  subsequent
    41  adjourned  date,  shall  be deemed an admission of liability, and that a
    42  default judgment may be entered thereon.
    43    1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a  plea  of  not  guilty  has  been
    44  entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
    45  in  accordance  with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or
    46  the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in  accord-
    47  ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or the bureau
    48  has  been  notified  that  an allegation of liability in accordance with
    49  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, or the bureau has
    50  been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with section
    51  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, is being contested, by a person
    52  in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but
    53  has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine  or
    54  penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing.

        S. 4524--B                         13
     1    §  5-d. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf-
     2  fic law, as amended by section 5-d of chapter 222 of the laws  of  2015,
     3  are amended to read as follows:
     4    1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
     5  violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be  liable
     6  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter
     7  contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance
     8  with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter contests such alle-
     9  gation, or a person alleged to be  liable  in  accordance  with  section
    10  eleven  hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter contests such allegation,
    11  the bureau shall advise such person personally by  such  form  of  first
    12  class  mail  as  the  director may direct of the date on which he or she
    13  must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and  content  of
    14  such  notice  of  hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall
    15  contain a warning to advise the  person  so  pleading  that  failure  to
    16  appear  on  the  date  designated,  or on any subsequent adjourned date,
    17  shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a  default  judgment
    18  may be entered thereon.
    19    1-a.  Fines  and  penalties.  Whenever  a  plea of not guilty has been
    20  entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
    21  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chapter,  is
    22  being  contested,  or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of
    23  liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-e  of  this
    24  chapter,  is  being  contested,  or the bureau has been notified that an
    25  allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred seven-
    26  ty-four-a of this chapter, is being contested, by a person in  a  timely
    27  fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet
    28  been  held,  the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to
    29  that person prior to the date of the hearing.
    30    § 5-e. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and  traf-
    31  fic  law,  as amended by section 5-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015,
    32  are amended to read as follows:
    33    1. Notice of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with  a  parking
    34  violation  enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable
    35  in accordance with section  eleven  hundred  eleven-e  of  this  chapter
    36  contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance
    37  with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter contests such
    38  allegation,  the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form
    39  of first class mail as the director may direct of the date on  which  he
    40  or  she  must  appear  to  answer  the charge at a hearing. The form and
    41  content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by  the  director,
    42  and  shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading that fail-
    43  ure to appear on the date designated, or  on  any  subsequent  adjourned
    44  date,  shall  be  deemed  an  admission of liability, and that a default
    45  judgment may be entered thereon.
    46    1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a  plea  of  not  guilty  has  been
    47  entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
    48  in  accordance  with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, is
    49  being contested, or the bureau has been notified that an  allegation  of
    50  liability  in  accordance  with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of
    51  this chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and  a
    52  hearing  upon  the  merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held,
    53  the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that  person
    54  prior to the date of the hearing.
    55    §  5-f. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf-
    56  fic law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of  1972  and

        S. 4524--B                         14
     1  subdivision 1-a as added by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended
     2  to read as follows:
     3    1.  Notice  of  hearing.  Whenever  a  person  charged  with a parking
     4  violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be  liable
     5  in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter
     6  contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally
     7  by  such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date
     8  on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at  a  hearing.  The
     9  form  and  content  of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the
    10  director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person  so  pleading
    11  that  failure  to  appear  on  the date designated, or on any subsequent
    12  adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability,  and  that  a
    13  default judgment may be entered thereon.
    14    1-a.  Fines  and  penalties.  Whenever  a  plea of not guilty has been
    15  entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability
    16  in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of  this  chap-
    17  ter,  is  being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing
    18  upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau
    19  shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that  person  prior  to
    20  the date of the hearing.
    21    § 6. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle
    22  and  traffic  law, as amended by section 6 of chapter 222 of the laws of
    23  2015, are amended to read as follows:
    24    a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
    25  or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred
    26  eleven-a  of  this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred
    27  eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters  twen-
    28  ty,  [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in
    29  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chapter  or  in
    30  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in
    31  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or
    32  an allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand  nine
    33  hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
    34  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
    35  laws of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in  accord-
    36  ance  with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allega-
    37  tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b  of
    38  this chapter, shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with
    39  rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
    40    g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a
    41  hearing  at  which  liability  in accordance with section eleven hundred
    42  eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections  eleven  hundred
    43  eleven-b  of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen-
    44  ty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or  in
    45  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter is
    46  contested or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of  this
    47  chapter is contested or in accordance with section eleven hundred seven-
    48  ty-four-a  of this chapter is contested or of a hearing at which liabil-
    49  ity in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five  of
    50  the   public  authorities  law  or  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and
    51  sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen
    52  hundred fifty is contested or of a hearing at which liability in accord-
    53  ance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or a hearing
    54  at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of
    55  this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be used for the  making
    56  of the record.

        S. 4524--B                         15
     1    § 6-a. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
     2  cle  and  traffic  law,  as amended by section 6-a of chapter 222 of the
     3  laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows:
     4    a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
     5  or an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred
     6  eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen-
     7  ty,  [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in
     8  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chapter  or  in
     9  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in
    10  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or
    11  an allegation of liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    12  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  or an allegation of liability in accordance
    13  with section eleven hundred eighty-b of  this  chapter,  shall  be  held
    14  before  a  hearing  examiner  in  accordance  with rules and regulations
    15  promulgated by the bureau.
    16    g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a
    17  hearing at which liability in accordance with  sections  eleven  hundred
    18  eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen-
    19  ty,  [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in
    20  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chapter  or  in
    21  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in
    22  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or
    23  of a hearing at  which  liability  in  accordance  with  section  eleven
    24  hundred  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  or a hearing at which liability in
    25  accordance with section eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter  is
    26  contested.  Recording devices may be used for the making of the record.
    27    § 6-b. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
    28  cle  and  traffic  law,  as amended by section 6-b of chapter 222 of the
    29  laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows:
    30    a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
    31  or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred
    32  seventy-four-a  of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accord-
    33  ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an  allega-
    34  tion  of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of
    35  this chapter or an allegation of liability in  accordance  with  section
    36  eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in
    37  accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter shall be
    38  held  before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations
    39  promulgated by the bureau.
    40    g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a
    41  hearing at which liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    42  seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter  or of a hearing at which liability in
    43  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of  a
    44  hearing  at  which  liability  in accordance with section eleven hundred
    45  eleven-d of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability  in  accord-
    46  ance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or a hearing
    47  at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of
    48  this chapter is contested.  Recording devices may be used for the making
    49  of the record.
    50    § 6-c. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
    51  cle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-c of  chapter  222  of  the
    52  laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows:
    53    a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
    54  or  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred
    55  seventy-four-a of this chapter or an allegation of liability in  accord-
    56  ance  with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allega-

        S. 4524--B                         16
     1  tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d  of
     2  this  chapter  or  an allegation of liability in accordance with section
     3  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter shall be held before  a  hearing
     4  examiner  in  accordance  with  rules and regulations promulgated by the
     5  bureau.
     6    g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a
     7  hearing at which liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
     8  seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter  or of a hearing at which liability in
     9  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of  a
    10  hearing  at  which  liability  in accordance with section eleven hundred
    11  eleven-d of this chapter or a hearing at which liability  in  accordance
    12  with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of  this chapter is contested.
    13  Recording devices may be used for the making of the record.
    14    § 6-d. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
    15  cle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-d of  chapter  222  of  the
    16  laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows:
    17    a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
    18  or  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred
    19  seventy-four-a of this chapter or an allegation of liability in  accord-
    20  ance  with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allega-
    21  tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d  of
    22  this  chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with
    23  rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
    24    g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not  guilty  or  a
    25  hearing  at  which  liability  in accordance with section eleven hundred
    26  eleven-d of this chapter is contested or of a hearing at which liability
    27  in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter
    28  or a hearing at  which  liability  in  accordance  with  section  eleven
    29  hundred  eleven-e of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be
    30  used for the making of the record.
    31    § 6-e. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
    32  cle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-e of  chapter  222  of  the
    33  laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows:
    34    a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
    35  or  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred
    36  eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation  of  liability  in  accordance
    37  with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter shall be held
    38  before  a  hearing  examiner  in  accordance  with rules and regulations
    39  promulgated by the bureau.
    40    g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not  guilty  or  a
    41  hearing  at  which  liability  in accordance with section eleven hundred
    42  eleven-e of this chapter is contested or a hearing at which liability in
    43  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter is
    44  contested.  Recording devices may be used for the making of the record.
    45    § 6-f. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi-
    46  cle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws  of  1972,  are
    47  amended to read as follows:
    48    a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation
    49  or  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred
    50  seventy-four-a of this chapter shall be held before a  hearing  examiner
    51  in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau.
    52    g.  A  record  shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a
    53  hearing at which liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    54  seventy-four-a  of  this chapter is contested.  Recording devices may be
    55  used for the making of the record.

        S. 4524--B                         17
     1    § 7. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the  vehicle  and  traffic
     2  law,  as  amended  by  section 7 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are
     3  amended to read as follows:
     4    1.  The  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges,
     5  either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner  deter-
     6  mines  that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either
     7  the prior  parking  violations  record  or  the  record  of  liabilities
     8  incurred  in  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-a of this
     9  chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b  of  this
    10  chapter  as  added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,]
    11  and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or  in  accordance  with
    12  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with
    13  section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or  in  accordance  with
    14  section  eleven  hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or the record of
    15  liabilities incurred  in  accordance  with  section  two  thousand  nine
    16  hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
    17  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
    18  laws of nineteen hundred fifty of the person charged, or the  record  of
    19  liabilities  incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c
    20  of this chapter, or the record of  liabilities  incurred  in  accordance
    21  with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of this chapter, as applicable
    22  prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations  sustain-
    23  ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll
    24  maintained  by  the  bureau  together  with  records showing payment and
    25  nonpayment of penalties.
    26    2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge  of  a
    27  parking  violation  or  contest an allegation of liability in accordance
    28  with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter  or  in  accordance
    29  with  sections  eleven  hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter as added by
    30  sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the
    31  laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section  eleven  hundred
    32  eleven-d  of  this  chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred
    33  eleven-e of this chapter or in accordance with  section  eleven  hundred
    34  seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter  or  fails to contest an allegation of
    35  liability in accordance with section two thousand nine  hundred  eighty-
    36  five  of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and
    37  sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen
    38  hundred fifty, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accord-
    39  ance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or fails to
    40  contest an allegation of liability in  accordance  with  section  eleven
    41  hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter  or fails to appear on a designated
    42  hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after  a  hearing  to
    43  comply  with  the  determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by
    44  this article or by rule or regulation of the  bureau,  such  failure  to
    45  plead or contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an
    46  admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a
    47  default  judgment  in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of
    48  the  bureau.  However,  after  the  expiration  of  the  original   date
    49  prescribed  for  entering  a  plea  and before a default judgment may be
    50  rendered, in such case the  bureau  shall  pursuant  to  the  applicable
    51  provisions  of  law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first
    52  class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the  violation  charged,
    53  or  liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this
    54  chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b  of  this
    55  chapter  as  added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,]
    56  and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or  in  accordance  with

        S. 4524--B                         18
     1  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with
     2  section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or  in  accordance  with
     3  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter alleged or liabil-
     4  ity  in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of
     5  the  public  authorities  law  or  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b   and
     6  sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
     7  hundred fifty alleged or liability in  accordance  with  section  eleven
     8  hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability in accordance with section
     9  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending
    10  default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered  in  the  Civil
    11  Court  of  the  city  in which the bureau has been established, or other
    12  court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of
    13  civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may
    14  be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation  of  liability
    15  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in
    16  accordance  with  sections  eleven  hundred  eleven-b of this chapter as
    17  added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and  twenty-
    18  two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section elev-
    19  en hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven
    20  hundred  eleven-e  of  this chapter or in accordance with section eleven
    21  hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter or contesting  an  allegation  of
    22  liability  in  accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-
    23  five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b  and
    24  sixteen-c  of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen
    25  hundred fifty or contesting an allegation  of  liability  in  accordance
    26  with  section  eleven  hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an
    27  allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
    28  y-b of this chapter, as appropriate,  or  making  an  appearance  within
    29  thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and allegations
    30  contested  within  that  period shall be in the manner prescribed in the
    31  notice and not subject to additional penalty  or  fee.  Such  notice  of
    32  impending  default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering
    33  and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who  are  non-resi-
    34  dents  of  the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be
    35  rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default  judgment  be
    36  sent,  more  than  two years after the expiration of the time prescribed
    37  for entering a plea or contesting  an  allegation.  When  a  person  has
    38  demanded  a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason,
    39  prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall  make
    40  a  determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose
    41  no greater penalty  or  fine  than  those  upon  which  the  person  was
    42  originally charged.
    43    §  7-a. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic
    44  law, as amended by section 7-a of chapter 222 of the laws of  2015,  are
    45  amended to read as follows:
    46    1.  The  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges,
    47  either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner  deter-
    48  mines  that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either
    49  the prior  parking  violations  record  or  the  record  of  liabilities
    50  incurred  in  accordance  with  sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this
    51  chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters  twenty,  [twenty-one,]
    52  and  twenty-two  of  the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with
    53  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or  in  accordance  with
    54  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-e of this chapter or in accordance with
    55  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of  this  chapter  of  the  person
    56  charged,  or  the  record  of  liabilities  incurred  in accordance with

        S. 4524--B                         19
     1  section eleven hundred eleven-c  of  this  chapter,  or  the  record  of
     2  liabilities  incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b
     3  of this chapter, as applicable prior to rendering a final determination.
     4  Final  determinations  sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered
     5  on a final determination roll maintained by  the  bureau  together  with
     6  records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
     7    2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
     8  parking violation or contest an allegation of  liability  in  accordance
     9  with  sections  eleven  hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter as added by
    10  sections sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the
    11  laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section  eleven  hundred
    12  eleven-d  of  this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred
    13  eleven-e of this chapter, or in accordance with section  eleven  hundred
    14  seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter,  or fails to contest an allegation of
    15  liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of  this
    16  chapter,  or  fails  to  contest  an allegation of liability incurred in
    17  accordance with section eleven hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter,  or
    18  fails  to  appear  on  a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned
    19  date or fails after a hearing to comply  with  the  determination  of  a
    20  hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation
    21  of the bureau, such failure to plead, contest, appear or comply shall be
    22  deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds
    23  for  rendering  and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by
    24  the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after  the  expiration
    25  of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default
    26  judgment  may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the
    27  applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form
    28  of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of  the  violation
    29  charged,  or  liability  in  accordance  with  sections  eleven  hundred
    30  eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen-
    31  ty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or  in
    32  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in
    33  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter,  or  in
    34  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
    35  or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of  this
    36  chapter  or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b
    37  of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that
    38  such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the  city  in  which
    39  the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or
    40  any  other  place  provided  for the entry of civil judgments within the
    41  state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by  entering  a
    42  plea  or  contesting  an  allegation  of  liability  in  accordance with
    43  sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as  added  by  sections
    44  sixteen  of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of
    45  two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred  eleven-d
    46  of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of
    47  this   chapter,   or   in   accordance   with   section  eleven  hundred
    48  seventy-four-a of this chapter, or contesting an allegation of liability
    49  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of  this  chapter  or
    50  contesting  an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven
    51  hundred eighty-b of this chapter as appropriate, or making an appearance
    52  within thirty days of the sending of  such  notice.  Pleas  entered  and
    53  allegations  contested  within  that  period  shall  be  in  the  manner
    54  prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty  or  fee.
    55  Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to
    56  the  rendering  and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who

        S. 4524--B                         20
     1  are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall  a  default
     2  judgment  be  rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default
     3  judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of  the  time
     4  prescribed  for  entering  a  plea  or  contesting an allegation. When a
     5  person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be  imposed  for
     6  any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner
     7  shall  make  a  determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she
     8  shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person
     9  was originally charged.
    10    § 7-b. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and  traffic
    11  law,  as  amended by section 7-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are
    12  amended to read as follows:
    13    1. The hearing examiner shall make a  determination  on  the  charges,
    14  either  sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter-
    15  mines that the charges have been sustained he or  she  may  examine  the
    16  prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in
    17  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the
    18  person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with
    19  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of  this  chapter  of  the  person
    20  charged,  or  the  record  of  liabilities  incurred  in accordance with
    21  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the  person  charged,
    22  or  the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven
    23  hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities  incurred
    24  in  accordance  with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, as
    25  applicable, prior to rendering a  final  determination.  Final  determi-
    26  nations  sustaining  or  dismissing  charges shall be entered on a final
    27  determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records  show-
    28  ing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
    29    2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
    30  parking violation or contest an allegation of  liability  in  accordance
    31  with  section  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, or contest
    32  an allegation of liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    33  eleven-e  of  this  chapter,  or  contest  an allegation of liability in
    34  accordance with section eleven hundred  eleven-d  of  this  chapter,  or
    35  fails  to  contest an allegation of liability in accordance with section
    36  eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or fails to contest an  allega-
    37  tion  of  liability  incurred  in accordance with section eleven hundred
    38  eighty-b of this chapter, or fails to appear  on  a  designated  hearing
    39  date  or  subsequent  adjourned  date or fails after a hearing to comply
    40  with the determination of a hearing  examiner,  as  prescribed  by  this
    41  article  or  by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead,
    42  appear or comply shall be deemed, for  all  purposes,  an  admission  of
    43  liability  and  shall  be  grounds  for rendering and entering a default
    44  judgment in an amount provided by  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the
    45  bureau.  However,  after  the expiration of the original date prescribed
    46  for entering a plea and before a default judgment may  be  rendered,  in
    47  such  case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law
    48  notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail  as  the
    49  commission  may  direct;  (1)  of the violation charged, or liability in
    50  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of  this  chapter,
    51  or  liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this
    52  chapter, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d
    53  of this chapter, or alleged liability in accordance with section  eleven
    54  hundred eleven-c of this chapter or alleged liability in accordance with
    55  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b of this chapter, (2) of the impending
    56  default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered  in  the  Civil

        S. 4524--B                         21
     1  Court  of  the  city  in which the bureau has been established, or other
     2  court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of
     3  civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may
     4  be  avoided  by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability
     5  in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter
     6  or contesting an allegation of  liability  in  accordance  with  section
     7  eleven  hundred  eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of
     8  liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of  this
     9  chapter  or  contesting  an  allegation  of liability in accordance with
    10  section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allega-
    11  tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b  of
    12  this  chapter  or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending
    13  of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the  manner
    14  prescribed  in  the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee.
    15  Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to
    16  the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or  owners  who
    17  are  non-residents  of the state of New York. In no case shall a default
    18  judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of  impending  default
    19  judgment  be  sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time
    20  prescribed for entering a plea.  When a person has demanded  a  hearing,
    21  no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding
    22  of  the  hearing.  If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on
    23  the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose no greater  penalty
    24  or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged.
    25    §  7-c. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic
    26  law, as amended by section 7-c of chapter 222 of the laws of  2015,  are
    27  amended to read as follows:
    28    1.  The  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges,
    29  either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner  deter-
    30  mines  that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either
    31  the prior  parking  violations  record  or  the  record  of  liabilities
    32  incurred  in  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-d of this
    33  chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred  in
    34  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter of
    35  the  person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance
    36  with section eleven hundred eleven-e  of  this  chapter  of  the  person
    37  charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section
    38  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, as applicable, prior to render-
    39  ing a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing
    40  charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the
    41  bureau  together  with  records showing payment and nonpayment of penal-
    42  ties.
    43    2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge  of  a
    44  parking  violation  or  contest an allegation of liability in accordance
    45  with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,  or  contest
    46  an  allegation  of  liability  in accordance with section eleven hundred
    47  eleven-e of this chapter  or  contest  an  allegation  of  liability  in
    48  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or fails
    49  to  contest  an  allegation  of  liability  incurred  in accordance with
    50  section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or fails to appear on  a
    51  designated  hearing  date  or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a
    52  hearing to comply with the  determination  of  a  hearing  examiner,  as
    53  prescribed  by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such
    54  failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an
    55  admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a
    56  default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and  regulations  of

        S. 4524--B                         22
     1  the   bureau.  However,  after  the  expiration  of  the  original  date
     2  prescribed for entering a plea and before  a  default  judgment  may  be
     3  rendered,  in  such  case  the  bureau  shall pursuant to the applicable
     4  provisions  of  law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first
     5  class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or
     6  liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred  seventy-four-a  of
     7  this  chapter  or  liability  in  accordance with section eleven hundred
     8  eleven-e of this chapter or liability in accordance with section  eleven
     9  hundred eleven-d of this chapter or liability in accordance with section
    10  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending
    11  default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered  in  the  Civil
    12  Court  of  the  city  in which the bureau has been established, or other
    13  court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of
    14  civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may
    15  be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation  of  liability
    16  in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter
    17  or  contesting  an  allegation  of  liability in accordance with section
    18  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an  allegation  of
    19  liability  in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this
    20  chapter or contesting an allegation  of  liability  in  accordance  with
    21  section  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or making an appearance
    22  within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas  entered  within
    23  that  period  shall  be  in  the manner prescribed in the notice and not
    24  subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of  impending  default
    25  judgment  shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof
    26  in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of
    27  New York. In no case shall a default  judgment  be  rendered  or,  where
    28  required,  a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two
    29  years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering  a  plea.
    30  When  a  person  has  demanded  a  hearing,  no fine or penalty shall be
    31  imposed for any reason, prior to the holding  of  the  hearing.  If  the
    32  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining
    33  them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those  upon  which
    34  the person was originally charged.
    35    §  7-d. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic
    36  law, as amended by section 7-d of chapter 222 of the laws of  2015,  are
    37  amended to read as follows:
    38    1.  The  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges,
    39  either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner  deter-
    40  mines  that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either
    41  the prior  parking  violations  record  or  the  record  of  liabilities
    42  incurred  in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of
    43  this chapter of the person charged or the record of liabilities incurred
    44  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of  this  chapter  of
    45  the  person  charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance
    46  with section eleven hundred eleven-d  of  this  chapter  of  the  person
    47  charged, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination.  Final
    48  determinations  sustaining  or  dismissing charges shall be entered on a
    49  final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with  records
    50  showing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
    51    2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
    52  parking violation or contest an allegation of  liability  in  accordance
    53  with  section  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, or contest
    54  an allegation of liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    55  eleven-e  of  this  chapter  or  contest  an  allegation of liability in
    56  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or fails

        S. 4524--B                         23
     1  to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned  date  or
     2  fails  after  a  hearing  to  comply with the determination of a hearing
     3  examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of  the
     4  bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all
     5  purposes,  an  admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering
     6  and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the  rules  and
     7  regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original
     8  date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be
     9  rendered,  in  such  case  the  bureau  shall pursuant to the applicable
    10  provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form  of  first
    11  class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or
    12  liability  in  accordance  with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of
    13  this chapter or liability in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    14  eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liability in accordance with section
    15  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending
    16  default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered  in  the  Civil
    17  Court  of  the  city  in which the bureau has been established, or other
    18  court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of
    19  civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may
    20  be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation  of  liability
    21  in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter
    22  or  contesting  an  allegation  of  liability in accordance with section
    23  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an  allegation  of
    24  liability  in  accordance  with  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this
    25  chapter or making an appearance within thirty days  of  the  sending  of
    26  such  notice.    Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner
    27  prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty  or  fee.
    28  Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to
    29  the  rendering  and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who
    30  are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall  a  default
    31  judgment  be  rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default
    32  judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of  the  time
    33  prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no
    34  fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of
    35  the  hearing.  If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the
    36  charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no  greater  penalty  or  fine
    37  than those upon which the person was originally charged.
    38    §  7-e. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic
    39  law, as amended by section 7-e of chapter 222 of the laws of  2015,  are
    40  amended to read as follows:
    41    1.  The  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges,
    42  either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner  deter-
    43  mines  that  the  charges  have been sustained he or she may examine the
    44  prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in
    45  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter  of  the
    46  person  charged, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination
    47  or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section  eleven
    48  hundred  seventy-four-a of this chapter of the person charged, as appli-
    49  cable, prior to rendering a final determination.   Final  determinations
    50  sustaining  or  dismissing  charges shall be entered on a final determi-
    51  nation roll maintained by  the  bureau  together  with  records  showing
    52  payment and nonpayment of penalties.
    53    2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
    54  parking violation or contest an allegation of  liability  in  accordance
    55  with  section  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, or contest
    56  an allegation of liability in accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred

        S. 4524--B                         24
     1  eleven-e of this chapter or fails to appear on a designated hearing date
     2  or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the
     3  determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by
     4  rule  or  regulation  of  the  bureau,  such failure to plead, appear or
     5  comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability  and
     6  shall  be  grounds  for  rendering and entering a default judgment in an
     7  amount provided by the rules and regulations  of  the  bureau.  However,
     8  after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea
     9  and  before  a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau
    10  shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such  operator
    11  or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct;
    12  (1)  of  the  violation  charged or liability in accordance with section
    13  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liability in  accord-
    14  ance  with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, (2) of
    15  the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will  be  entered
    16  in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established,
    17  or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the
    18  entry  of  civil  judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a
    19  default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of
    20  liability in accordance with section eleven  hundred  eleven-e  of  this
    21  chapter  or  contesting  an  allegation  of liability in accordance with
    22  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter  or  making  an
    23  appearance  within  thirty  days  of  the  sending of such notice. Pleas
    24  entered within that period shall be in  the  manner  prescribed  in  the
    25  notice  and  not  subject  to  additional penalty or fee. Such notice of
    26  impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the  rendering
    27  and  entry  thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-resi-
    28  dents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default  judgment  be
    29  rendered  or,  where required, a notice of impending default judgment be
    30  sent, more than two years after the expiration of  the  time  prescribed
    31  for  entering  a plea.  When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or
    32  penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to  the  holding  of  the
    33  hearing.  If  the  hearing  examiner  shall  make a determination on the
    34  charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no  greater  penalty  or  fine
    35  than those upon which the person was originally charged.
    36    §  7-f. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic
    37  law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715  of  the  laws  of  1972  and
    38  subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended
    39  to read as follows:
    40    1.  The  hearing  examiner  shall make a determination on the charges,
    41  either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner  deter-
    42  mines  that  the  charges  have been sustained he or she may examine the
    43  prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in
    44  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter of
    45  the person charged, as applicable, prior to rendering a  final  determi-
    46  nation.  Final  determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be
    47  entered on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau  together
    48  with records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties.
    49    2.  Where  an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a
    50  parking violation or contest an allegation of  liability  in  accordance
    51  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter, or fails to
    52  appear on a designated hearing date  or  subsequent  adjourned  date  or
    53  fails  after  a  hearing  to  comply with the determination of a hearing
    54  examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of  the
    55  bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all
    56  purposes,  an  admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering

        S. 4524--B                         25
     1  and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the  rules  and
     2  regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original
     3  date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be
     4  rendered,  in  such  case  the  bureau  shall pursuant to the applicable
     5  provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form  of  first
     6  class  mail  as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged,
     7  (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such  judgment  will  be
     8  entered  in  the  Civil  Court  of the city in which the bureau has been
     9  established, or other court of civil jurisdiction  or  any  other  place
    10  provided  for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York,
    11  and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea  or  making  an
    12  appearance  within  thirty  days  of  the  sending of such notice. Pleas
    13  entered within that period shall be in  the  manner  prescribed  in  the
    14  notice  and  not  subject  to  additional penalty or fee. Such notice of
    15  impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the  rendering
    16  and  entry  thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-resi-
    17  dents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default  judgment  be
    18  rendered  or,  where required, a notice of impending default judgment be
    19  sent, more than two years after the expiration of  the  time  prescribed
    20  for  entering  a  plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or
    21  penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to  the  holding  of  the
    22  hearing.  If  the  hearing  examiner  shall  make a determination on the
    23  charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no  greater  penalty  or  fine
    24  than those upon which the person was originally charged.
    25    § 8. Subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
    26  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8 of chapter 222
    27  of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows:
    28    (i) If at the time of application for a registration or renewal there-
    29  of there is a certification from a  court,  parking  violations  bureau,
    30  traffic  and  parking  violations  agency  or administrative tribunal of
    31  appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or  his  or  her  represen-
    32  tative  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned
    33  date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of  an  adminis-
    34  trative  tribunal  following  entry of a final decision in response to a
    35  total of three or more summonses or  other  process  in  the  aggregate,
    36  issued  within  an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such
    37  motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor  vehi-
    38  cle  was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without
    39  being licensed as a motor vehicle for  hire  by  the  appropriate  local
    40  authority,  in  violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of
    41  any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by  a  local  authority;  or
    42  (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred
    43  eleven-a,  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-b  or section eleven hundred
    44  eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
    45  eleven  hundred  eleven  of  this  chapter;  or (iii) the registrant was
    46  liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chap-
    47  ter  for  a  violation  of  a  bus  lane  restriction as defined in such
    48  section, or (iv) the registrant was liable in  accordance  with  section
    49  eleven  hundred  eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision
    50  (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or (v)  the
    51  registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c
    52  of  this  chapter  for  a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of section
    53  eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable
    54  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a
    55  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    56  chapter;  or  (vii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section

        S. 4524--B                         26
     1  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter for a violation of section
     2  eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter, the commissioner or his  or
     3  her  agent  shall deny the registration or renewal application until the
     4  applicant  provides proof from the court, traffic and parking violations
     5  agency or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are  pending  that
     6  an  appearance  or answer has been made or in the case of an administra-
     7  tive tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations
     8  of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an  applica-
     9  tion is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or
    10  her  discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other
    11  person for the same vehicle and  may  deny  a  registration  or  renewal
    12  application  for  any  other motor vehicle registered in the name of the
    13  applicant where the commissioner has determined that  such  registrant's
    14  intent  has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the
    15  commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or
    16  renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this  subdivi-
    17  sion.  Such  denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses
    18  remain unanswered, or in the case of  an  administrative  tribunal,  the
    19  registrant  fails  to  comply  with  the rules and regulations following
    20  entry of a final decision.
    21    § 8-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401  of  the  vehicle
    22  and traffic law, as amended by section 8-a of chapter 222 of the laws of
    23  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    24    a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
    25  there  is  a  certification  from  a court or administrative tribunal of
    26  appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or  his  or  her  represen-
    27  tative  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned
    28  date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of  an  adminis-
    29  trative  tribunal  following  entry of a final decision in response to a
    30  total of three or more summonses or  other  process  in  the  aggregate,
    31  issued  within  an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such
    32  motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor  vehi-
    33  cle  was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without
    34  being licensed as a motor vehicle for  hire  by  the  appropriate  local
    35  authority,  in  violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of
    36  any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by  a  local  authority;  or
    37  (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred
    38  eleven-b  of  this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
    39  eleven hundred eleven of this  chapter;  or  (iii)  the  registrant  was
    40  liable  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap-
    41  ter for a violation of  a  bus  lane  restriction  as  defined  in  such
    42  section;  or  (iv)  the registrant was liable in accordance with section
    43  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation  of  subdivision
    44  (d)  of  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter or (v) the regis-
    45  trant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred  eighty-b  of
    46  this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of
    47  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was
    48  liable  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chap-
    49  ter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of  section
    50  eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable
    51  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a
    52  violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
    53  chapter; or (vii) the registrant was liable in accordance  with  section
    54  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter for a violation of section
    55  eleven  hundred seventy-four of this chapter, the commissioner or his or
    56  her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application  until  the

        S. 4524--B                         27
     1  applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wher-
     2  ein  the  charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made
     3  or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied
     4  with  the  rules  and  regulations of said tribunal following entry of a
     5  final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section,
     6  the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a  registration  or
     7  renewal  application  to  any  other person for the same vehicle and may
     8  deny a registration or renewal application for any other  motor  vehicle
     9  registered  in  the  name  of  the  applicant where the commissioner has
    10  determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the  purposes
    11  of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to
    12  believe  that  such  registration  or  renewal  will  have the effect of
    13  defeating the purposes of  this  subdivision.  Such  denial  shall  only
    14  remain  in  effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the
    15  case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply  with
    16  the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.
    17    §  8-b.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle
    18  and traffic law, as amended by section 8-b of chapter 222 of the laws of
    19  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    20    a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
    21  there is a certification from a  court  or  administrative  tribunal  of
    22  appropriate  jurisdiction  that  the  registrant or his or her represen-
    23  tative failed to appear on the return date or any  subsequent  adjourned
    24  date  or  failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis-
    25  trative tribunal following entry of a  final  decision  in  response  to
    26  three  or  more  summonses  or  other process, issued within an eighteen
    27  month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked,  stopped
    28  or  standing,  or  that  such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the
    29  registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle
    30  for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of  the
    31  provisions  of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation
    32  made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in  accord-
    33  ance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  for a
    34  violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iii)
    35  the registrant was liable in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    36  eleven-d  of  this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
    37  eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iv) the registrant was liable
    38  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a
    39  violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or  (g)  of  section  eleven
    40  hundred  eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord-
    41  ance with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-c  of  this  chapter  for  a
    42  violation  of  subdivision  (b),  (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
    43  hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v)  the  registrant  was  liable  in
    44  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a
    45  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    46  chapter;  or  (vii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section
    47  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter for a violation of section
    48  eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter, the commissioner or his  or
    49  her  agent  shall deny the registration or renewal application until the
    50  applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wher-
    51  ein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has  been  made
    52  or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied
    53  with  the  rules  and  regulations of said tribunal following entry of a
    54  final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section,
    55  the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a  registration  or
    56  renewal  application  to  any  other person for the same vehicle and may

        S. 4524--B                         28
     1  deny a registration or renewal application for any other  motor  vehicle
     2  registered  in  the  name  of  the  applicant where the commissioner has
     3  determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the  purposes
     4  of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to
     5  believe  that  such  registration  or  renewal  will  have the effect of
     6  defeating the purposes of  this  subdivision.  Such  denial  shall  only
     7  remain  in  effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the
     8  case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply  with
     9  the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.
    10    §  8-c.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle
    11  and traffic law, as amended by section 8-c of chapter 222 of the laws of
    12  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    13    a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
    14  there is a certification from a  court  or  administrative  tribunal  of
    15  appropriate  jurisdiction  that  the  registrant or his or her represen-
    16  tative failed to appear on the return date or any  subsequent  adjourned
    17  date  or  failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis-
    18  trative tribunal following entry of a  final  decision  in  response  to
    19  three  or  more  summonses  or  other process, issued within an eighteen
    20  month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked,  stopped
    21  or  standing,  or  that  such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the
    22  registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle
    23  for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of  the
    24  provisions  of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation
    25  made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in  accord-
    26  ance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-d  of  this  chapter  for a
    27  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    28  chapter;  or  (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section
    29  eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for  violations  of  subdivision
    30  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
    31  ter,  or  the  registrant  was  liable in accordance with section eleven
    32  hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c),
    33  (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty  of  this  chapter;  or
    34  (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred
    35  eleven-e  of  this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
    36  eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was  liable
    37  in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter
    38  for  a violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter,
    39  the commissioner or his or her agent  shall  deny  the  registration  or
    40  renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or
    41  administrative  tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appear-
    42  ance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative  tribu-
    43  nal  that  he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said
    44  tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where  an  application  is
    45  denied  pursuant  to  this  section, the commissioner may, in his or her
    46  discretion, deny a registration or  renewal  application  to  any  other
    47  person  for  the  same  vehicle  and  may deny a registration or renewal
    48  application for any other motor vehicle registered in the  name  of  the
    49  applicant  where  the commissioner has determined that such registrant's
    50  intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where  the
    51  commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or
    52  renewal  will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi-
    53  sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as  the  summonses
    54  remain  unanswered,  or  in  the case of an administrative tribunal, the
    55  registrant fails to comply with  the  rules  and  regulations  following
    56  entry of a final decision.

        S. 4524--B                         29
     1    §  8-d.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle
     2  and traffic law, as amended by section 8-d of chapter 222 of the laws of
     3  2015, is amended to read as follows:
     4    a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
     5  there  is  a  certification  from  a court or administrative tribunal of
     6  appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or  his  or  her  represen-
     7  tative  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned
     8  date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of  an  adminis-
     9  trative  tribunal  following  entry  of  a final decision in response to
    10  three or more summonses or other  process,  issued  within  an  eighteen
    11  month  period,  charging  that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or
    12  standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis-
    13  trant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by
    14  the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of  the  provisions
    15  of  this  chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a
    16  local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section
    17  eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for  violations  of  subdivision
    18  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
    19  ter,  or  the  registrant  was  liable in accordance with section eleven
    20  hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision  (d)  of
    21  section  eleven  hundred  eleven  of this chapter, or the registrant was
    22  liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this  chap-
    23  ter  for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven
    24  of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section
    25  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter for a violation of section
    26  eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter, the commissioner or his  or
    27  her  agent  shall deny the registration or renewal application until the
    28  applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wher-
    29  ein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has  been  made
    30  or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied
    31  with  the  rules  and  regulations of said tribunal following entry of a
    32  final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section,
    33  the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a  registration  or
    34  renewal  application  to  any  other person for the same vehicle and may
    35  deny a registration or renewal application for any other  motor  vehicle
    36  registered  in  the  name  of  the  applicant where the commissioner has
    37  determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the  purposes
    38  of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to
    39  believe  that  such  registration  or  renewal  will  have the effect of
    40  defeating the purposes of  this  subdivision.  Such  denial  shall  only
    41  remain  in  effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the
    42  case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply  with
    43  the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.
    44    §  8-e.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle
    45  and traffic law, as amended by section 8-e of chapter 222 of the laws of
    46  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    47    a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
    48  there is a certification from a  court  or  administrative  tribunal  of
    49  appropriate  jurisdiction  that  the  registrant or his or her represen-
    50  tative failed to appear on the return date or any  subsequent  adjourned
    51  date  or  failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis-
    52  trative tribunal following entry of a  final  decision  in  response  to
    53  three  or  more  summonses  or  other process, issued within an eighteen
    54  month period, charging that such motor vehicle was  parked,  stopped  or
    55  standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis-
    56  trant  or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for

        S. 4524--B                         30
     1  hire by the appropriate local authority, in  violation  of  any  of  the
     2  provisions  of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation
     3  made by a local authority, or the registrant was  liable  in  accordance
     4  with  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of
     5  subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the
     6  registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e
     7  of this chapter for a violation of subdivision  (d)  of  section  eleven
     8  hundred  eleven of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord-
     9  ance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this  chapter  for  a
    10  violation  of  section  eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter, the
    11  commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or  renewal
    12  application  until the applicant provides proof from the court or admin-
    13  istrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or
    14  answer has been made or in the case of an administrative  tribunal  that
    15  he  has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal follow-
    16  ing entry of a final decision.  Where an application is denied  pursuant
    17  to  this section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a
    18  registration or renewal application to any other  person  for  the  same
    19  vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other
    20  motor  vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commis-
    21  sioner has determined that such registrant's intent has  been  to  evade
    22  the  purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reason-
    23  able grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have  the
    24  effect  of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall
    25  only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or  in
    26  the  case  of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply
    27  with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.
    28    § 8-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401  of  the  vehicle
    29  and traffic law, as amended by section 8-f of chapter 222 of the laws of
    30  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    31    a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
    32  there  is  a  certification  from  a court or administrative tribunal of
    33  appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or  his  or  her  represen-
    34  tative  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned
    35  date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of  an  adminis-
    36  trative  tribunal  following  entry  of  a final decision in response to
    37  three or more summonses or other  process,  issued  within  an  eighteen
    38  month  period,  charging  that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or
    39  standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis-
    40  trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle  for
    41  hire  by  the  appropriate  local  authority, in violation of any of the
    42  provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or  regulation
    43  made  by  a  local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance
    44  with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation  of
    45  subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the
    46  registrant  was  liable in accordance with section eleven hundred seven-
    47  ty-four-a of this chapter for a  violation  of  section  eleven  hundred
    48  seventy-four of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall
    49  deny  the  registration  or  renewal  application  until  the  applicant
    50  provides proof from the court or  administrative  tribunal  wherein  the
    51  charges are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the
    52  case  of  an administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules
    53  and regulations of said tribunal following entry of  a  final  decision.
    54  Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commission-
    55  er  may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal appli-
    56  cation to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registra-

        S. 4524--B                         31
     1  tion or renewal application for any other motor  vehicle  registered  in
     2  the  name  of  the  applicant where the commissioner has determined that
     3  such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivi-
     4  sion  and  where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that
     5  such registration or renewal will  have  the  effect  of  defeating  the
     6  purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as
     7  long  as  the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an adminis-
     8  trative tribunal, the registrant fails to  comply  with  the  rules  and
     9  regulations following entry of a final decision.
    10    §  8-g.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle
    11  and traffic law, as separately amended by chapters 339 and  592  of  the
    12  laws of 1987, is amended to read as follows:
    13    a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof
    14  there  is  a  certification  from  a court or administrative tribunal of
    15  appropriate jurisdiction  that  the  registrant  or  his  representative
    16  failed  to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or
    17  failed to comply with the rules and  regulations  of  an  administrative
    18  tribunal  following  entry  of  a final decision in response to three or
    19  more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period,
    20  charging that such motor vehicle was parked,  stopped  or  standing,  or
    21  that  such  motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his
    22  agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by  the  appro-
    23  priate  local  authority,  in violation of any of the provisions of this
    24  chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation  made  by  a  local
    25  authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section elev-
    26  en  hundred  seventy-four-a  of  this chapter for a violation of section
    27  eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter,  the  commissioner  or  his
    28  agent  shall  deny  the  registration  or  renewal application until the
    29  applicant provides proof from the court or administrative tribunal wher-
    30  ein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer has  been  made
    31  or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied
    32  with  the  rules  and  regulations of said tribunal following entry of a
    33  final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this section,
    34  the commissioner may, in his discretion, deny a registration or  renewal
    35  application  to  any  other  person  for the same vehicle and may deny a
    36  registration or renewal application for any other motor  vehicle  regis-
    37  tered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined
    38  that  such  registrant's  intent  has been to evade the purposes of this
    39  subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe
    40  that such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating  the
    41  purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as
    42  long  as  the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an adminis-
    43  trative tribunal, the registrant fails to  comply  with  the  rules  and
    44  regulations following entry of a final decision.
    45    §  9.  The  vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section
    46  1174-a to read as follows:
    47    § 1174-a. Owner liability for failure of operator to stop for a school
    48  bus displaying a red visual signal and stop-arm. (a) 1.  Notwithstanding
    49  any  other  provision  of  law,  a county, city, town or village located
    50  within a school district ("district") is hereby authorized and empowered
    51  to adopt and amend a local law or ordinance establishing a demonstration
    52  program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for  fail-
    53  ure  of an operator thereof to comply with section eleven hundred seven-
    54  ty-four of this chapter when meeting a school bus marked and equipped as
    55  provided in  subdivisions  twenty  and  twenty-one-c  of  section  three
    56  hundred  seventy-five of this chapter and operated in such county, city,

        S. 4524--B                         32
     1  town or village, in accordance with the provisions of this section. Such
     2  demonstration program shall empower such county, city, town  or  village
     3  to  install  and  operate  school bus photo violation monitoring systems
     4  which  may be stationary or mobile, and which may be installed, pursuant
     5  to an agreement with a school district within such county, city, town or
     6  village, on school buses owned and operated by such school  district  or
     7  privately  owned  and operated for compensation under contract with such
     8  district.  Provided, however, that (a) no stationary  school  bus  photo
     9  violation  monitoring system shall be installed or operated by a county,
    10  city, town or village except on roadways under the jurisdiction of  such
    11  county,  city,  town  or  village,  and  (b)  no mobile school bus photo
    12  violation monitoring system shall be installed or operated on  any  such
    13  school buses unless such county, city, town or village and such district
    14  enter into an agreement for such installation and operation.
    15    1-a.  Any  county,  city,  town  or  village,  located within a school
    16  district, that has adopted a local law or  ordinance  pursuant  to  this
    17  section  establishing  a demonstration program imposing liability on the
    18  owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator  thereof  to  comply  with
    19  section  eleven  hundred  seventy-four  of  this  chapter when meeting a
    20  school bus marked and equipped as provided in  subdivisions  twenty  and
    21  twenty-one-c  of  section three hundred seventy-five of this chapter and
    22  operated in such county, city, town or village may enter into an  agree-
    23  ment  with  the applicable school district for the installation, mainte-
    24  nance and use of school bus photo violation monitoring systems on school
    25  buses pursuant to this section and section twenty-two of the chapter  of
    26  the  laws  of  two  thousand  nineteen which added this section, for the
    27  proper handling and  custody  of  photographs,  microphotographs,  vide-
    28  otapes, other recorded images and data produced by such systems, and for
    29  the  forwarding of such photographs, microphotographs, videotapes, other
    30  recorded images and  data  to  the  applicable  county,  city,  town  or
    31  village.  Any agreement entered into hereunder shall be approved by each
    32  participating county, city, town or village by a majority  vote  of  the
    33  voting  strength of its governing body and by resolution of the district
    34  pursuant to section sixteen  hundred  four,  section  seventeen  hundred
    35  nine,  section  twenty-five  hundred  three, section twenty-five hundred
    36  fifty-four or section twenty-five hundred ninety-h of the education law,
    37  as applicable.  Provided, however, that where a district has entered  an
    38  agreement  as  provided  hereunder  with  a  county, no cities, towns or
    39  villages within the same county may enter into, or be a  party  to,  any
    40  agreement with such district pursuant to this section. Provided further,
    41  however,  that  no  county shall enter an agreement with any city school
    42  district wholly contained within a city.  Nothing in this section  shall
    43  be construed to prevent a county, city, town, village or district at any
    44  time to withdraw from or terminate an agreement entered pursuant to this
    45  section  and section twenty-two of the chapter of the laws of 2019 which
    46  added this section.
    47    1-b. The total cost to the district of the  installation,  maintenance
    48  and  use  of  school  bus photo violation monitoring systems pursuant to
    49  this section shall be borne  entirely  by  the  county,  city,  town  or
    50  village  within  the  district which is a party to such agreement. On or
    51  before September first of each year, the district  shall  determine  and
    52  certify  to each county, city, town or village with which it has entered
    53  into an agreement pursuant  to  this  section  the  total  cost  to  the
    54  district  for  the  school  year  ending the preceding June thirtieth of
    55  installing, maintaining and using such systems within each such  county,
    56  city, town or village, respectively, for the proper handling and custody

        S. 4524--B                         33
     1  of  photographs, microphotographs, videotapes, other recorded images and
     2  data produced by such systems, and for the  forwarding  of  such  photo-
     3  graphs,  microphotographs, videotapes, other recorded images and data to
     4  the applicable county, city, town or village. On or before the following
     5  December  first  of  each  year, each such county, city, town or village
     6  shall pay to the district such cost so certified to it on or before  the
     7  preceding  September  first.  Not later than twenty days after each such
     8  payment is submitted or is due, whichever  occurs  first,  the  district
     9  shall  submit  to the director of the budget and the chairpersons of the
    10  fiscal committees of the legislature a  report  for  each  such  county,
    11  city,  town and village showing the amount of costs so certified and the
    12  amount of payments so received or  due.  If  a  county,  city,  town  or
    13  village  fails to make the payment required to the district by the twen-
    14  tieth day after the date such payment was due, (i)  the  district  shall
    15  notify  the  director  of  the budget and the chairpersons of the fiscal
    16  committees of the legislature  of  such  occurrence  within  twenty-four
    17  hours of such day; and (ii) the demonstration program shall be suspended
    18  within such county, city, town, or village until such time as such coun-
    19  ty,  city,  town, or village makes the payment required to the district.
    20  The district shall notify the director of  the  budget  and  the  chair-
    21  persons  of  the  fiscal  committees  of the legislature of such payment
    22  within seven business days of its receipt. Provided, however,  that  any
    23  notice of liability issued prior to such date shall not be voided.
    24    2. Any image or images captured by school bus photo violation monitor-
    25  ing  systems  shall  be  inadmissible  in  any  disciplinary  proceeding
    26  convened by any school district or any school  bus  contractor  thereof,
    27  and any proceeding initiated by the department involving licensure priv-
    28  ileges  of school bus operators. Any school bus photo violation monitor-
    29  ing device mounted on a school bus shall be directed outwardly from such
    30  school bus to capture  images  of  vehicles  operated  in  violation  of
    31  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter, and images produced
    32  by such device shall not be used for any other purpose.
    33    3.  (i)  Any  participating  school  district shall be prohibited from
    34  accessing any photographs, microphotographs, videotapes, other  recorded
    35  images  or  data  from school bus photo violation monitoring systems but
    36  shall provide, pursuant to an agreement with a  county,  city,  town  or
    37  village as provided in this section, for the proper handling and custody
    38  of such photographs, microphotographs, videotapes, other recorded images
    39  and data produced by such systems, and for the forwarding of such photo-
    40  graphs,  microphotographs, videotapes, other recorded images and data to
    41  the applicable county, city, town or village for the purpose  of  deter-
    42  mining  whether a motor vehicle was operated in violation of subdivision
    43  (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this  title  and  imposing
    44  monetary liability on the owner of such motor vehicle therefor.
    45    (ii)  Photographs, microphotographs, videotapes, other recorded images
    46  and data produced by school bus photo violation monitoring systems shall
    47  be destroyed (A) ninety days after the date of the alleged imposition of
    48  liability if a notice of liability is not issued for such alleged  impo-
    49  sition  of liability pursuant to this section or (B) upon final disposi-
    50  tion of a notice of liability issued pursuant to this section.
    51    4. A county,  city,  town  or  village  establishing  a  demonstration
    52  program  pursuant  to  this  section shall adopt and enforce measures to
    53  protect the privacy of drivers,  passengers,  pedestrians  and  cyclists
    54  whose  identity  and identifying information may be captured by a school
    55  bus photo violation monitoring device. Such measures shall include:

        S. 4524--B                         34
     1    (i) utilization of necessary technologies to  ensure,  to  the  extent
     2  practicable,   that  photographs  produced  by  such  school  bus  photo
     3  violation monitoring systems shall not include images that identify  the
     4  driver,  the  passengers,  the  contents of the vehicle, pedestrians and
     5  cyclists. Provided, however, that no notice of liability issued pursuant
     6  to this section shall be dismissed solely because a photograph or photo-
     7  graphs  allow  for  the  identification  of  the  contents of a vehicle,
     8  provided that such county, city, town or village has made  a  reasonable
     9  effort to comply with the provisions of this paragraph;
    10    (ii)  a  prohibition  on the use or dissemination of vehicles' license
    11  plate information and other information and images  captured  by  school
    12  bus photo violation monitoring systems except: (A) as required to estab-
    13  lish  liability  under this section or collect payment of penalties; (B)
    14  as required by court order; or (C) as otherwise required by law;
    15    (iii) the installation of signage in conformance with standards estab-
    16  lished in the MUTCD at each roadway entrance of the jurisdictional boun-
    17  daries of such county, city, town or village giving notice  that  school
    18  bus  photo violation monitoring systems are used to enforce restrictions
    19  on vehicles violating section eleven hundred seventy-four of this  chap-
    20  ter.  For  the  purposes of this paragraph, the term "roadway" shall not
    21  include state expressway routes or state  interstate  routes  but  shall
    22  include  controlled-access  highway  exit ramps that enter the jurisdic-
    23  tional boundaries of a county, city, town or village; and
    24    (iv) oversight procedures to ensure compliance with the aforementioned
    25  privacy protection measures.
    26    (b) In any such county, city, town or  village  which  has  adopted  a
    27  local  law or ordinance pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, the
    28  owner of a vehicle shall be liable for a  penalty  imposed  pursuant  to
    29  this section if such vehicle was used or operated with the permission of
    30  the  owner,  express  or  implied,  in  violation  of subdivision (a) of
    31  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this article, and such  violation
    32  is  evidenced  by information obtained from a school bus photo violation
    33  monitoring system; provided however that no owner of a vehicle shall  be
    34  liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section where the operator
    35  of such vehicle has been convicted of the underlying violation of subdi-
    36  vision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this article.
    37    (c)  For  purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the
    38  following meanings: "county" shall have the meaning provided in  section
    39  three  of  the  county  law, except that such term shall not include any
    40  county wholly contained  within  a  city;  "manual  on  uniform  traffic
    41  control devices" or "MUTCD" shall mean the manual and specifications for
    42  a  uniform  system  of traffic control devices maintained by the commis-
    43  sioner of transportation pursuant to section sixteen hundred  eighty  of
    44  this  chapter;  "owner" shall have the meaning provided in article two-B
    45  of this chapter; and "school  bus  photo  violation  monitoring  system"
    46  shall  mean  a  device  that is capable of operating independently of an
    47  enforcement officer which is installed to work  in  conjunction  with  a
    48  school  bus stop-arm and which automatically produces two or more photo-
    49  graphs, two or more microphotographs,  a  videotape  or  other  recorded
    50  images  of  a vehicle at the time it is used or operated in violation of
    51  subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this article.
    52    (d) A certificate, sworn to or affirmed by a  technician  employed  by
    53  the  county,  city,  town  or  village  in  which  the charged violation
    54  occurred, or a facsimile thereof, based upon inspection of  photographs,
    55  microphotographs,  videotape  or  other  recorded  images  produced by a
    56  school bus photo violation  monitoring  system,  shall  be  prima  facie

        S. 4524--B                         35
     1  evidence  of  the facts contained therein.  Any photographs, microphoto-
     2  graphs, videotape or other recorded images evidencing such  a  violation
     3  shall  be  available  for inspection in any proceeding to adjudicate the
     4  liability  for  such  violation  pursuant  to  a  local law or ordinance
     5  adopted pursuant to this section.
     6    (e) An owner liable for a violation  of  subdivision  (a)  of  section
     7  eleven  hundred  seventy-four of this article pursuant to a local law or
     8  ordinance adopted pursuant to this section shall be liable for  monetary
     9  penalties in accordance with a schedule of fines and penalties to be set
    10  forth in such local law or ordinance, except that if a city by local law
    11  has  authorized  the  adjudication  of such owner liability by a parking
    12  violations bureau, such schedule shall be promulgated  by  such  bureau.
    13  The liability of the owner pursuant to this section shall be two hundred
    14  fifty  dollars  for  a first violation, two hundred seventy-five dollars
    15  for a second violation both of which were committed within a  period  of
    16  eighteen  months,  and  three  hundred dollars for a third or subsequent
    17  violation all of which  were  committed  within  a  period  of  eighteen
    18  months;  provided, however, that such local law or ordinance may provide
    19  for an additional penalty not in excess of twenty-five dollars for  each
    20  violation for the failure to respond to a notice of liability within the
    21  prescribed time period.
    22    (f)  An imposition of liability under a local law or ordinance adopted
    23  pursuant to this section shall not be deemed a conviction as an operator
    24  and shall not be made part of the operating record of  the  person  upon
    25  whom  such  liability  is  imposed  nor  shall  it be used for insurance
    26  purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insurance coverage.
    27    (g) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by first class mail to each
    28  person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation  of  subdivision
    29  (a)  of  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this article pursuant to
    30  this section. Personal delivery on the owner shall not  be  required.  A
    31  manual or automatic record of mailing prepared in the ordinary course of
    32  business shall be prima facie evidence of the facts contained therein.
    33    2.  A  notice  of  liability shall contain the name and address of the
    34  person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation  of  subdivision
    35  (a)  of  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this article pursuant to
    36  this section, the registration number of the vehicle  involved  in  such
    37  violation,  the  location  where such violation took place, the date and
    38  time of such violation and the identification number of the camera which
    39  recorded the violation or other document locator number.
    40    3. The notice of liability  shall  contain  information  advising  the
    41  person charged of the manner and the time in which he or she may contest
    42  the liability alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability shall also
    43  contain  a warning to advise the persons charged that failure to contest
    44  in the manner and time provided shall be deemed an admission of  liabil-
    45  ity and that a default judgment may be entered thereon.
    46    4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the county,
    47  city,  town  or village in which the violation occurred, or by any other
    48  entity authorized by such county, city, town or village to  prepare  and
    49  mail such notification of violation.
    50    (h)  Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners by this section
    51  shall be by a traffic violations bureau established pursuant to  section
    52  three  hundred  seventy of the general municipal law where the violation
    53  occurred or, if there be none, by the  court  having  jurisdiction  over
    54  traffic  infractions where the violation occurred, except that if a city
    55  has  established  an  administrative  tribunal  to  hear  and  determine
    56  complaints  of  traffic  infractions  constituting  parking, standing or

        S. 4524--B                         36
     1  stopping violations such city may, by local law, authorize such  adjudi-
     2  cation by such tribunal.
     3    (i)  If  an  owner  receives  a  notice  of liability pursuant to this
     4  section for any time period during which the vehicle was reported to the
     5  police as having been stolen, it shall be a valid defense to an  allega-
     6  tion  of  liability for a violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven
     7  hundred seventy-four of this article pursuant to this section  that  the
     8  vehicle  had been reported to the police as stolen prior to the time the
     9  violation occurred and had  not  been  recovered  by  such  time.    For
    10  purposes  of asserting the defense provided by this subdivision it shall
    11  be sufficient that a certified copy of the police report on  the  stolen
    12  vehicle  be  sent  by first class mail to the traffic violations bureau,
    13  court having jurisdiction or parking violations bureau.
    14    (j) 1. In such county, city, town or village where the adjudication of
    15  liability imposed upon owners pursuant to this section is by  a  traffic
    16  violations  bureau  or  a  court  having jurisdiction, an owner who is a
    17  lessor of a vehicle to which a notice of liability was  issued  pursuant
    18  to subdivision (g) of this section shall not be liable for the violation
    19  of  subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this arti-
    20  cle, provided that he or she sends to the traffic violations  bureau  or
    21  court  having  jurisdiction  a  copy  of the rental, lease or other such
    22  contract document covering such vehicle on the date  of  the  violation,
    23  with  the name and address of the lessee clearly legible, within thirty-
    24  seven days after receiving notice from the bureau or court of  the  date
    25  and  time  of  such  violation,  together  with  the  other  information
    26  contained in the original notice of liability.   Failure  to  send  such
    27  information  within  such  thirty-seven day time period shall render the
    28  owner liable for the penalty  prescribed  by  this  section.  Where  the
    29  lessor  complies  with  the  provisions of this paragraph, the lessee of
    30  such vehicle on the date of such violation shall be  deemed  to  be  the
    31  owner  of such vehicle for purposes of this section, shall be subject to
    32  liability for the violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred
    33  seventy-four of this article pursuant to this section and shall be  sent
    34  a notice of liability pursuant to subdivision (g) of this section.
    35    2.  (i) In a city which, by local law, has authorized the adjudication
    36  of liability imposed upon owners by this section by a parking violations
    37  bureau, an owner who is a lessor of a  vehicle  to  which  a  notice  of
    38  liability  was  issued pursuant to subdivision (g) of this section shall
    39  not be liable for the violation of subdivision  (a)  of  section  eleven
    40  hundred seventy-four of this article, provided that:
    41    (A)  prior  to  the violation, the lessor has filed with the bureau in
    42  accordance with the provisions of section  two  hundred  thirty-nine  of
    43  this chapter; and
    44    (B) within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from the bureau of
    45  the  date  and  time of a liability, together with the other information
    46  contained in the original notice of liability, the lessor submits to the
    47  bureau the correct name and address of the lessee of the vehicle identi-
    48  fied in the notice of liability at the time of such violation,  together
    49  with such other additional information contained in the rental, lease or
    50  other  contract  document,  as  may be reasonably required by the bureau
    51  pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated for such purpose.
    52    (ii) Failure to comply with clause (B) of  subparagraph  (i)  of  this
    53  paragraph  shall  render  the owner liable for the penalty prescribed in
    54  this section.
    55    (iii) Where the lessor complies with the provisions of this paragraph,
    56  the lessee of such vehicle on the date of such violation shall be deemed

        S. 4524--B                         37
     1  to be the owner of such vehicle for purposes of this section,  shall  be
     2  subject  to  liability  for  such violation pursuant to this section and
     3  shall be sent a notice of liability pursuant to subdivision (g) of  this
     4  section.
     5    (k)  1.  If  the  owner  liable  for a violation of subdivision (a) of
     6  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this  article  pursuant  to  this
     7  section  was  not  the  operator  of  the  vehicle  at  the  time of the
     8  violation, the owner may maintain an action for indemnification  against
     9  the operator.
    10    2.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no owner of a
    11  vehicle shall be subject to a monetary fine  imposed  pursuant  to  this
    12  section if the operator of such vehicle was operating such vehicle with-
    13  out  the consent of the owner at the time such operator failed to comply
    14  with section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter.  For  purposes
    15  of  this  subdivision  there shall be a presumption that the operator of
    16  such vehicle was operating such vehicle with the consent of the owner at
    17  the time such operator failed to  comply  with  section  eleven  hundred
    18  seventy-four of this chapter.
    19    (l)  Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability
    20  of an operator of a vehicle for any  violation  of  subdivision  (a)  of
    21  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this article.
    22    (m)  In  any  such county, city, town or village which adopts a demon-
    23  stration program pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, such coun-
    24  ty, city, town or village shall submit an annual report on  the  results
    25  of  the  use  of  a  school bus photo violation monitoring system to the
    26  governor, the temporary president of the senate and the speaker  of  the
    27  assembly  on or before June first, two thousand nineteen and on the same
    28  date in each succeeding year in which the demonstration program is oper-
    29  able. Such report shall include, but not be limited to:
    30    1. the number of buses and a description of the routes where  station-
    31  ary and mobile school bus photo violation monitoring systems were used;
    32    2.  the  aggregate  number, type and severity of accidents reported at
    33  locations where a school bus photo violation monitoring system  is  used
    34  for  the  year  preceding the installation of such system, to the extent
    35  the information is maintained by the department  of  motor  vehicles  of
    36  this state;
    37    3.  the  aggregate  number, type and severity of accidents reported at
    38  locations where a school bus photo violation monitoring system is  used,
    39  to  the  extent the information is maintained by the department of motor
    40  vehicles of this state;
    41    4. the number of violations recorded at each location where  a  school
    42  bus  photo violation monitoring system is used and in the aggregate on a
    43  daily, weekly and monthly basis;
    44    4-a. the number of convictions for violations of  subdivision  (a)  of
    45  section  eleven  hundred  seventy-four  of this article recorded at each
    46  location where a school bus photo violation monitoring system is used on
    47  an annual basis, to the extent the  information  is  maintained  by  the
    48  department of motor vehicles of this state;
    49    5.  the  total  number  of  notices of liability issued for violations
    50  recorded by such systems;
    51    6. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the  first
    52  notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems;
    53    7.  the  number  of violations adjudicated and results of such adjudi-
    54  cations  including  breakdowns  of  dispositions  made  for   violations
    55  recorded  by  such  systems which shall be provided at least annually to

        S. 4524--B                         38
     1  such county, city, town or village by the respective courts, bureaus and
     2  agencies conducting such adjudications;
     3    8.  the total amount of revenue realized by such city, town or village
     4  from such adjudications;
     5    9. the expenses incurred by such city, town or village  in  connection
     6  with the program;
     7    10.  the quality of the adjudication process and its results including
     8  the total number of hearings  scheduled,  re-scheduled,  and  held;  the
     9  total number of persons scheduled for such hearings; the total number of
    10  cases where fines were paid on or before the hearing date; and the total
    11  number  of default judgments entered. Such information shall be provided
    12  at least annually to such county, city, town or village by  the  respec-
    13  tive courts, bureaus and agencies conducting such adjudications; and
    14    11.  a  description  of  public education activities conducted to warn
    15  motorists of the dangers of overtaking and passing stopped school buses.
    16    (n) It shall be a defense to any prosecution for a violation of subdi-
    17  vision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this article pursu-
    18  ant to a local law or ordinance adopted pursuant to  this  section  that
    19  such school bus stop-arms were malfunctioning at the time of the alleged
    20  violation.
    21    §  10.  The  opening  paragraph  and paragraph (c) of subdivision 1 of
    22  section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10 of
    23  chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows:
    24    Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of  this
    25  state  result  in  a  conviction  for an offense under this chapter or a
    26  traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule
    27  or  regulation  adopted  pursuant  to this chapter, other than a traffic
    28  infraction involving standing, stopping, or  parking  or  violations  by
    29  pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of
    30  an  owner  for  a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred
    31  eleven of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred
    32  eleven-a  of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of
    33  an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of  section  eleven  hundred
    34  eleven  of  this  chapter  in  accordance  with  section  eleven hundred
    35  eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an  adjudication  in  accordance
    36  with  section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of
    37  a bus lane restriction as defined in such  section,  or  other  than  an
    38  adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d)
    39  of  section  eleven  hundred  eleven  of this chapter in accordance with
    40  section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an  adju-
    41  dication  of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b),
    42  (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in
    43  accordance with section eleven hundred  eighty-b  of  this  chapter,  or
    44  other  than  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of
    45  subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven  hundred  eighty
    46  of  this  chapter  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of
    47  this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for
    48  a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of  this
    49  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap-
    50  ter,  or  other  than  an  adjudication  of  liability of an owner for a
    51  violation of section eleven hundred  seventy-four  of  this  chapter  in
    52  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
    53  there shall be levied a crime victim  assistance  fee  and  a  mandatory
    54  surcharge,  in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in
    55  accordance with the following schedule:

        S. 4524--B                         39
     1    (c) Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a  court  of
     2  this  state  result  in  a  conviction for an offense under this chapter
     3  other than a crime pursuant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this
     4  chapter, or a traffic infraction under this chapter,  or  a  local  law,
     5  ordinance,  rule  or  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other
     6  than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping,  or  parking  or
     7  violations  by  pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication
     8  of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
     9  eleven  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
    10  hundred eleven-a of this chapter,  or  other  than  an  adjudication  of
    11  liability  of  an  owner  for  a violation of subdivision (d) of section
    12  eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven
    13  hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter,  or  other than an adjudication of
    14  liability of an owner for a violation  of  subdivision  (d)  of  section
    15  eleven  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
    16  hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an  infraction  pursuant
    17  to article nine of this chapter or other than an adjudication of liabil-
    18  ity  of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant
    19  to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public  authori-
    20  ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven
    21  hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or other than
    22  an  adjudication  in  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of
    23  this chapter for a violation of a bus lane  restriction  as  defined  in
    24  such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for
    25  a  violation  of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven
    26  hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
    27  eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability  of
    28  an  owner  for  a  violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of
    29  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section
    30  eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than  an  adjudication
    31  of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
    32  eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven
    33  hundred  eleven-e  of  this  chapter,  or  other than an adjudication of
    34  liability of an owner for a violation of section eleven  hundred  seven-
    35  ty-four of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred seven-
    36  ty-four-a  of this chapter, there shall be levied a crime victim assist-
    37  ance fee in the amount of five dollars and  a  mandatory  surcharge,  in
    38  addition  to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of
    39  fifty-five dollars.
    40    § 10-a. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
    41  as  amended  by  section  10-a  of  chapter  222 of the laws of 2015, is
    42  amended to read as follows:
    43    1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
    44  this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
    45  traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule
    46  or  regulation  adopted  pursuant  to this chapter, other than a traffic
    47  infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equip-
    48  ment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an  adju-
    49  dication  of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of
    50  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    51  eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than  an  adjudication
    52  of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
    53  eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven
    54  hundred  eleven-b  of  this  chapter,  or  other than an adjudication in
    55  accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this  chapter  for  a
    56  violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other

        S. 4524--B                         40
     1  than  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi-
     2  vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter  in  accord-
     3  ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than
     4  an  adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision
     5  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
     6  ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this  chapter,
     7  or  other  than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
     8  of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or  (g)  of  section  eleven  hundred
     9  eighty  of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight-
    10  y-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of  liability  of  an
    11  owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev-
    12  en of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of
    13  this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for
    14  a  violation  of  section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter in
    15  accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of  this  chapter,
    16  there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence
    17  required or permitted by law, in the amount of twenty-five dollars.
    18    §  10-b. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law,
    19  as amended by section 10-b of chapter  222  of  the  laws  of  2015,  is
    20  amended to read as follows:
    21    1.  Whenever  proceedings  in an administrative tribunal or a court of
    22  this state result in a conviction for a crime under this  chapter  or  a
    23  traffic  infraction  under  this chapter other than a traffic infraction
    24  involving standing, stopping, parking  or  motor  vehicle  equipment  or
    25  violations  by  pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication
    26  in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a
    27  violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other
    28  than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of  subdi-
    29  vision  (d)  of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord-
    30  ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than
    31  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of  subdivision
    32  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
    33  ter  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter,
    34  or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for  a  violation
    35  of  subdivision  (b),  (c),  (d),  (f)  or (g) of section eleven hundred
    36  eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred  eight-
    37  y-c  of  this  chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an
    38  owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev-
    39  en of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of
    40  this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for
    41  a violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of  this  chapter  in
    42  accordance  with  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,
    43  there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence
    44  required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars.
    45    § 10-c. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
    46  as  amended  by  section  10-c  of  chapter  222 of the laws of 2015, is
    47  amended to read as follows:
    48    1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
    49  this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
    50  traffic infraction under this chapter other than  a  traffic  infraction
    51  involving  standing,  stopping,  parking  or  motor vehicle equipment or
    52  violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than  an  adjudication
    53  of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),
    54  (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter  in  accord-
    55  ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than
    56  an  adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision

        S. 4524--B                         41
     1  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
     2  ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this  chapter,
     3  or  other  than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation
     4  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in
     5  accordance with section eleven hundred  eleven-d  of  this  chapter,  or
     6  other  than  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of
     7  subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this  chapter  in
     8  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  eleven-e of this chapter, or
     9  other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a  violation  of
    10  section  eleven  hundred seventy-four of this chapter in accordance with
    11  section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this chapter,  there  shall  be
    12  levied  a  mandatory  surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or
    13  permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars.
    14    § 10-d. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
    15  as  amended  by  section  10-d  of  chapter  222 of the laws of 2015, is
    16  amended to read as follows:
    17    1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
    18  this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
    19  traffic infraction under this chapter other than  a  traffic  infraction
    20  involving  standing,  stopping,  parking  or  motor vehicle equipment or
    21  violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than  an  adjudication
    22  of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),
    23  (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter  in  accord-
    24  ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than
    25  an  adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision
    26  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance  with
    27  section  eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju-
    28  dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d)  of
    29  section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section
    30  eleven  hundred  eleven-e of this chapter, or other than an adjudication
    31  of liability of an owner for  a  violation  of  section  eleven  hundred
    32  seventy-four  of  this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
    33  seventy-four-a of this  chapter,  there  shall  be  levied  a  mandatory
    34  surcharge,  in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in
    35  the amount of seventeen dollars.
    36    § 10-e. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
    37  as  amended  by  section  10-e  of  chapter  222 of the laws of 2015, is
    38  amended to read as follows:
    39    1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
    40  this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
    41  traffic infraction under this chapter other than  a  traffic  infraction
    42  involving  standing,  stopping,  parking  or  motor vehicle equipment or
    43  violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than  an  adjudication
    44  of  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
    45  eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven
    46  hundred  eleven-d  of  this  chapter,  or  other than an adjudication of
    47  liability of an owner for a violation  of  subdivision  (d)  of  section
    48  eleven  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
    49  hundred eleven-e of this chapter,  or  other  than  an  adjudication  of
    50  liability  of  an owner for a violation of section eleven hundred seven-
    51  ty-four of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred seven-
    52  ty-four-a of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory  surcharge,
    53  in  addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount
    54  of seventeen dollars.

        S. 4524--B                         42
     1    § 10-f. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
     2  as  amended  by  section  10-f  of  chapter  222 of the laws of 2015, is
     3  amended to read as follows:
     4    1.  Whenever  proceedings  in an administrative tribunal or a court of
     5  this state result in a conviction for a crime under this  chapter  or  a
     6  traffic  infraction  under  this chapter other than a traffic infraction
     7  involving standing, stopping, parking  or  motor  vehicle  equipment  or
     8  violations  by  pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication
     9  of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d)  of  section
    10  eleven  hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven
    11  hundred eleven-e of this chapter,  or  other  than  an  adjudication  of
    12  liability  of  an owner for a violation of section eleven hundred seven-
    13  ty-four of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred seven-
    14  ty-four-a of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory  surcharge,
    15  in  addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount
    16  of seventeen dollars.
    17    § 10-g. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic  law,
    18  as  separately  amended by chapter 16 of the laws of 1983 and chapter 62
    19  of the laws of 1989, is amended to read as follows:
    20    1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or  a  court  of
    21  this  state  result  in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a
    22  traffic infraction under this chapter other than  a  traffic  infraction
    23  involving  standing,  stopping,  parking  or  motor vehicle equipment or
    24  violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than  an  adjudication
    25  of  liability  of  an  owner  for  a violation of section eleven hundred
    26  seventy-four of this chapter in accordance with section  eleven  hundred
    27  seventy-four-a  of  this  chapter,  there  shall  be  levied a mandatory
    28  surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law,  in
    29  the amount of seventeen dollars.
    30    §  11.  Paragraph  a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
    31  and traffic law, as amended by section 11 of chapter 222 of the laws  of
    32  2015, is amended to read as follows:
    33    a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
    34  a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
    35  conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
    36  ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
    37  fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
    38  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
    39  involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
    40  bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
    41  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    42  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
    43  ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    44  ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap-
    45  ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this
    46  chapter, and except an adjudication of  liability  of  an  owner  for  a
    47  violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
    48  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chap-
    49  ter, and except  an  adjudication  in  accordance  with  section  eleven
    50  hundred  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  of  a  violation  of  a  bus  lane
    51  restriction as defined in such section, and except  an  adjudication  of
    52  liability  of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)
    53  or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this  chapter  in  accordance
    54  with  section  eleven  hundred  eighty-b  of this chapter, and except an
    55  adjudication of liability of an owner for  a  violation  of  subdivision
    56  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-

        S. 4524--B                         43
     1  ter  in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter,
     2  and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a  violation  of
     3  toll  collection  regulations  pursuant  to  section  two  thousand nine
     4  hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
     5  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
     6  laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any
     7  sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted  by  law,  an
     8  additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
     9    §  11-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
    10  and traffic law, as amended by section 11-a of chapter 222 of  the  laws
    11  of 2015, is amended to read as follows:
    12    a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
    13  a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
    14  conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
    15  ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
    16  fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
    17  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
    18  involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
    19  bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
    20  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    21  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
    22  ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    23  ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this  chap-
    24  ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this
    25  chapter,  and  except  an adjudication in accordance with section eleven
    26  hundred  eleven-c  of  this  chapter  of  a  violation  of  a  bus  lane
    27  restriction  as  defined  in such section, and except an adjudication of
    28  liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d),  (f)
    29  or  (g)  of  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance
    30  with section eleven hundred eighty-b of  this  chapter,  and  except  an
    31  adjudication  of  liability  of  an owner for a violation of subdivision
    32  (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap-
    33  ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this  chapter,
    34  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of
    35  toll collection  regulations  pursuant  to  section  two  thousand  nine
    36  hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a,
    37  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c  of  chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the
    38  laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any
    39  sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted  by  law,  an
    40  additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
    41    §  11-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
    42  and traffic law, as amended by section 11-b of chapter 222 of  the  laws
    43  of 2015, is amended to read as follows:
    44    a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
    45  a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
    46  conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
    47  ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
    48  fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
    49  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
    50  involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
    51  bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
    52  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    53  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
    54  ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    55  ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this  chap-
    56  ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this

        S. 4524--B                         44
     1  chapter,  and  except  an  adjudication  of  liability of an owner for a
     2  violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or  (g)  of  section  eleven
     3  hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
     4  eighty-b  of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an
     5  owner for a violation of subdivision  (b),  (c),  (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of
     6  section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section
     7  eleven  hundred  eighty-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of
     8  liability of an owner for a violation  of  toll  collection  regulations
     9  pursuant  to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public
    10  authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of  chap-
    11  ter  seven  hundred  seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty,
    12  there shall be levied in addition to  any  sentence,  penalty  or  other
    13  surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twen-
    14  ty-eight dollars.
    15    §  11-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
    16  and traffic law, as amended by section 11-c of chapter 222 of  the  laws
    17  of 2015, is amended to read as follows:
    18    a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
    19  a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
    20  conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
    21  ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
    22  fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
    23  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
    24  involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
    25  bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
    26  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    27  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
    28  ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-
    29  ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this  chap-
    30  ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this
    31  chapter,  and  except  an  adjudication  of  liability of an owner for a
    32  violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or  (g)  of  section  eleven
    33  hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred
    34  eighty-c  of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an
    35  owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section
    36  two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities  law  or
    37  sections  sixteen-a,  sixteen-b  and  sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred
    38  seventy-four of the laws of  nineteen  hundred  fifty,  there  shall  be
    39  levied  in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required
    40  or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
    41    § 11-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the  vehicle
    42  and  traffic  law, as amended by section 11-d of chapter 222 of the laws
    43  of 2015, is amended to read as follows:
    44    a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
    45  a court or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result  in  a
    46  conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
    47  ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
    48  fic  infraction  under  this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or
    49  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
    50  involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
    51  bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an  owner  for  a
    52  violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
    53  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
    54  ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this  chap-
    55  ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap-
    56  ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this

        S. 4524--B                         45
     1  chapter, and except an adjudication of  liability  of  an  owner  for  a
     2  violation  of  toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thou-
     3  sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or  sections
     4  sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
     5  of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition
     6  to  any  sentence,  penalty  or other surcharge required or permitted by
     7  law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
     8    § 11-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the  vehicle
     9  and  traffic  law, as amended by section 11-e of chapter 222 of the laws
    10  of 2015, is amended to read as follows:
    11    a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
    12  a court or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result  in  a
    13  conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
    14  ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
    15  fic  infraction  under  this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or
    16  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
    17  involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
    18  bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an  owner  for  a
    19  violation  of  subdivision  (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this
    20  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
    21  ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this  chap-
    22  ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this
    23  chapter,  and  except  an  adjudication  of  liability of an owner for a
    24  violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section  two  thou-
    25  sand  nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections
    26  sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
    27  of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition
    28  to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge  required  or  permitted  by
    29  law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
    30    §  11-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle
    31  and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of part C of chapter 55 of  the
    32  laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows:
    33    a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in
    34  a  court  or  an  administrative  tribunal  of  this  state  result in a
    35  conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu-
    36  ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf-
    37  fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law,  ordinance,  rule  or
    38  regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction
    39  involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or
    40  bicyclists,  and  except  an adjudication of liability of an owner for a
    41  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred  eleven  of  this
    42  chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-
    43  ter  or in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of this
    44  chapter, and except an adjudication of  liability  of  an  owner  for  a
    45  violation  of  toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thou-
    46  sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or  sections
    47  sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four
    48  of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition
    49  to  any  sentence,  penalty  or other surcharge required or permitted by
    50  law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars.
    51    § 12. Subdivision 3 of section 1803 of the vehicle and traffic law, as
    52  amended by chapter 679 of the laws of 1970, is amended and a new  subdi-
    53  vision 10 is added to read as follows:
    54    3.  All  fines,  penalties  and  forfeitures  paid  to a city, town or
    55  village pursuant to the provisions of paragraph a of subdivision one  of
    56  this  section  and  subdivision ten of this section shall be credited to

        S. 4524--B                         46
     1  the general fund of such city,  town  or  village,  unless  a  different
     2  disposition  is  prescribed  by charter, special law, local law or ordi-
     3  nance.
     4    10.  Except as otherwise provided in paragraph e of subdivision one of
     5  this section, where a county has  established  a  demonstration  program
     6  imposing  monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an
     7  operator thereof to comply with section eleven hundred  seventy-four  of
     8  this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of
     9  this  chapter,  any  fine or penalty collected by a court, judge, magis-
    10  trate or other officer for an imposition of liability which occurs with-
    11  in such county pursuant to such program shall be paid to the state comp-
    12  troller within the first ten days of  the  month  following  collection.
    13  Every  such payment shall be accompanied by a statement in such form and
    14  detail as the comptroller shall provide. The comptroller shall pay nine-
    15  ty percent of any such fine or penalty imposed for such liability to the
    16  county in which the violation giving rise to the liability occurred, and
    17  ten percent of any such fine or penalty to the city, town or village  in
    18  which the violation giving rise to the liability occurred.
    19    §  13.  Subdivision  1 of section 371 of the general municipal law, as
    20  amended by section 12 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended  to
    21  read as follows:
    22    1.  A  traffic  violations  bureau so established may be authorized to
    23  dispose of violations of traffic laws, ordinances, rules and regulations
    24  when such offenses shall not constitute the traffic infraction known  as
    25  speeding  or a misdemeanor or felony, and, if authorized by local law or
    26  ordinance, to adjudicate the  liability  of  owners  for  violations  of
    27  subdivision  (d)  of  section  eleven  hundred eleven of the vehicle and
    28  traffic law in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a  of  such
    29  law  or section eleven hundred eleven-b of such law as added by sections
    30  sixteen of chapters twenty, [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws  of
    31  two  thousand  nine  which  amended  this subdivision, or section eleven
    32  hundred eleven-d of such law, or section eleven hundred eleven-e of such
    33  law or section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of such law.
    34    § 13-a. Section 371 of  the  general  municipal  law,  as  amended  by
    35  section  12-a  of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as
    36  follows:
    37    § 371. Jurisdiction and procedure.  A  traffic  violations  bureau  so
    38  established  may be authorized to dispose of violations of traffic laws,
    39  ordinances, rules and regulations when such offenses shall  not  consti-
    40  tute  the traffic infraction known as speeding or a misdemeanor or felo-
    41  ny, and, if authorized by local law  or  ordinance,  to  adjudicate  the
    42  liability  of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven
    43  hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law in accordance with section
    44  eleven hundred eleven-b of such law as  added  by  sections  sixteen  of
    45  chapters  twenty,  [twenty-one,] and twenty-two of the laws of two thou-
    46  sand nine which amended this section or section eleven hundred  eleven-d
    47  of  such  law or section eleven hundred eleven-e of such law, or section
    48  eleven hundred seventy-four-a  of  such  law,  by  permitting  a  person
    49  charged with an offense within the limitations herein stated, to answer,
    50  within  a  specified  time,  at the traffic violations bureau, either in
    51  person or by written power of attorney in such form as may be prescribed
    52  in the ordinance creating the bureau, by paying a prescribed  fine  and,
    53  in writing, waiving a hearing in court, pleading guilty to the charge or
    54  admitting  liability as an owner for the violation of subdivision (d) of
    55  section eleven hundred eleven of the vehicle and  traffic  law,  as  the
    56  case  may be, and authorizing the person in charge of the bureau to make

        S. 4524--B                         47
     1  such a plea or admission and pay such a fine in court. Acceptance of the
     2  prescribed fine and power of attorney by  the  bureau  shall  be  deemed
     3  complete  satisfaction  for  the  violation or of the liability, and the
     4  violator  or  owner liable for a violation of subdivision (d) of section
     5  eleven hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law shall  be  given  a
     6  receipt  which  so  states. If a person charged with a traffic violation
     7  does not answer as hereinbefore prescribed, within  a  designated  time,
     8  the  bureau  shall  cause  a  complaint to be entered against him or her
     9  forthwith and a warrant to be issued for his or her arrest  and  appear-
    10  ance  before  the  court.  Any  person  who  shall have been, within the
    11  preceding twelve months, guilty of a number  of  parking  violations  in
    12  excess  of  such maximum number as may be designated by the court, or of
    13  three or more violations other than parking  violations,  shall  not  be
    14  permitted  to appear and answer to a subsequent violation at the traffic
    15  violations bureau, but must appear in court at a time specified  by  the
    16  bureau.  Such  traffic  violations  bureau  shall  not  be authorized to
    17  deprive a person of his or her right to counsel or to prevent him or her
    18  from exercising his or her right  to  appear  in  court  to  answer  to,
    19  explain,  or  defend any charge of a violation of any traffic law, ordi-
    20  nance, rule or regulation.
    21    § 13-b. Section 371 of  the  general  municipal  law,  as  amended  by
    22  section  12-b  of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as
    23  follows:
    24    § 371. Jurisdiction and procedure.  A  traffic  violations  bureau  so
    25  established  may be authorized to dispose of violations of traffic laws,
    26  ordinances, rules and regulations when such offenses shall  not  consti-
    27  tute  the traffic infraction known as speeding or a misdemeanor or felo-
    28  ny, and, if authorized by local law  or  ordinance,  to  adjudicate  the
    29  liability  of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven
    30  hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law in accordance with section
    31  eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred  eleven-e  or  section
    32  eleven hundred seventy-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law, by permit-
    33  ting  a  person  charged  with  an offense within the limitations herein
    34  stated, to answer, within a specified time, at  the  traffic  violations
    35  bureau, either in person or by written power of attorney in such form as
    36  may  be  prescribed  in  the  ordinance creating the bureau, by paying a
    37  prescribed fine and, in writing, waiving a hearing  in  court,  pleading
    38  guilty  to  the  charge  or  admitting  liability  as  an  owner for the
    39  violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven  hundred  eleven  of  the
    40  vehicle  and traffic law, as the case may be, and authorizing the person
    41  in charge of the bureau to make such a plea or admission and pay such  a
    42  fine  in  court. Acceptance of the prescribed fine and power of attorney
    43  by the bureau shall be deemed complete satisfaction for the violation or
    44  of the liability, and the violator or owner liable for  a  violation  of
    45  subdivision  (d)  of  section  eleven  hundred eleven of the vehicle and
    46  traffic law shall be given a  receipt  which  so  states.  If  a  person
    47  charged  with  a  traffic  violation  does  not  answer  as hereinbefore
    48  prescribed, within a designated time, the bureau shall cause a complaint
    49  to be entered against him or her forthwith and a warrant  to  be  issued
    50  for  his  or  her arrest and appearance before the court. Any person who
    51  shall have been, within the preceding twelve months, guilty of a  number
    52  of  parking violations in excess of such maximum number as may be desig-
    53  nated by the court, or of three or more violations  other  than  parking
    54  violations,  shall not be permitted to appear and answer to a subsequent
    55  violation at the traffic violations bureau, but must appear in court  at
    56  a time specified by the bureau. Such traffic violations bureau shall not

        S. 4524--B                         48
     1  be  authorized  to deprive a person of his or her right to counsel or to
     2  prevent him or her from exercising his or her right to appear  in  court
     3  to  answer to, explain, or defend any charge of a violation of any traf-
     4  fic law, ordinance, rule or regulation.
     5    §  13-c.  Section  371  of  the  general  municipal law, as amended by
     6  section 12-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to  read  as
     7  follows:
     8    §  371.  Jurisdiction  and  procedure.  A traffic violations bureau so
     9  established may be authorized to dispose of violations of traffic  laws,
    10  ordinances,  rules  and regulations when such offenses shall not consti-
    11  tute the traffic infraction known as speeding or a misdemeanor or  felo-
    12  ny,  and,  if  authorized  by  local law or ordinance, to adjudicate the
    13  liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section  eleven
    14  hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law in accordance with section
    15  eleven  hundred eleven-e of the vehicle and traffic law, and, if author-
    16  ized by local law or ordinance, to adjudicate the  liability  of  owners
    17  for violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four of the vehicle and
    18  traffic  law in accordance with section eleven hundred seventy-four-a of
    19  the vehicle and traffic law by  permitting  a  person  charged  with  an
    20  offense within the limitations herein stated, to answer, within a speci-
    21  fied  time,  at  the  traffic  violations bureau, either in person or by
    22  written power of attorney in such form as may be prescribed in the ordi-
    23  nance creating the bureau, by paying a prescribed fine and, in  writing,
    24  waiving  a  hearing in court, pleading guilty to the charge or admitting
    25  liability as an owner for violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven
    26  hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law, as the case  may  be,  or
    27  admitting  liability  as  an  owner  for  a  violation of section eleven
    28  hundred seventy-four of the vehicle and traffic law, as the case may be,
    29  and authorizing the person in charge of the bureau to make such  a  plea
    30  or  admission and pay such a fine in court. Acceptance of the prescribed
    31  fine and power of attorney by the bureau shall be deemed complete satis-
    32  faction for the violation or of the liability, and the violator or owner
    33  liable for a violation of subdivision  (d)  of  section  eleven  hundred
    34  eleven of the vehicle and traffic law or owner liable for a violation of
    35  section eleven hundred seventy-four of the vehicle and traffic law shall
    36  be  given  a receipt which so states. If a person charged with a traffic
    37  violation does not answer as hereinbefore prescribed,  within  a  desig-
    38  nated time, the bureau shall cause a complaint to be entered against him
    39  or  her  forthwith  and a warrant to be issued for his or her arrest and
    40  appearance before the court. Any person who shall have been, within  the
    41  preceding  twelve  months,  guilty  of a number of parking violations in
    42  excess of such maximum number as may be designated by the court,  or  of
    43  three  or  more  violations  other than parking violations, shall not be
    44  permitted to appear and answer to a subsequent violation at the  traffic
    45  violations  bureau,  but must appear in court at a time specified by the
    46  bureau. Such traffic  violations  bureau  shall  not  be  authorized  to
    47  deprive a person of his or her right to counsel or to prevent him or her
    48  from  exercising  his  or  her  right  to  appear in court to answer to,
    49  explain, or defend any charge of a violation of any traffic  law,  ordi-
    50  nance, rule or regulation.
    51    §  13-d. Section 371 of the general municipal law, as amended by chap-
    52  ter 802 of the laws of 1949, is amended to read as follows:
    53    § 371. Jurisdiction and procedure.  A  traffic  violations  bureau  so
    54  established  may be authorized to dispose of violations of traffic laws,
    55  ordinances, rules and regulations when such offenses shall  not  consti-
    56  tute  the traffic infraction known as speeding or a misdemeanor or felo-

        S. 4524--B                         49
     1  ny, and, if authorized by local law  or  ordinance,  to  adjudicate  the
     2  liability  of  owners  for violations of section eleven hundred seventy-
     3  four of the vehicle and traffic law in accordance  with  section  eleven
     4  hundred  seventy-four-a  of  the vehicle and traffic law by permitting a
     5  person charged with an offense within the limitations herein stated,  to
     6  answer,  within  a  specified  time,  at  the traffic violations bureau,
     7  either in person or by written power of attorney in such form as may  be
     8  prescribed  in the ordinance creating the bureau, by paying a prescribed
     9  fine and, in writing, waiving a hearing in court, pleading guilty to the
    10  charge, or admitting liability as an owner for a  violation  of  section
    11  eleven  hundred seventy-four of the vehicle and traffic law, as the case
    12  may be and authorizing the person in charge of the bureau to make such a
    13  plea or admission and pay such a fine  in  court.    Acceptance  of  the
    14  prescribed  fine  and  power  of  attorney by the bureau shall be deemed
    15  complete satisfaction for the  violation,  and  the  violator  or  owner
    16  liable  for  a  violation  of section eleven hundred seventy-four of the
    17  vehicle and traffic law shall be given a receipt which so states.  If  a
    18  person  charged with a traffic violation does not answer as hereinbefore
    19  prescribed, within a designated time, the bureau shall cause a complaint
    20  to be entered against him or her forthwith and a warrant  to  be  issued
    21  for  his  or  her arrest and appearance before the court. Any person who
    22  shall have been, within the preceding twelve months, guilty of a  number
    23  of  parking violations in excess of such maximum number as may be desig-
    24  nated by the court, or of three or more violations  other  than  parking
    25  violations,  shall not be permitted to appear and answer to a subsequent
    26  violation at the traffic violations bureau, but must appear in court  at
    27  a time specified by the bureau. Such traffic violations bureau shall not
    28  be  authorized  to deprive a person of his or her right to counsel or to
    29  prevent him or her from exercising his or her right to appear  in  court
    30  to  answer to, explain, or defend any charge of a violation of any traf-
    31  fic law, ordinance, rule or regulation.
    32    § 14. Subdivision 2 of section 371 of the general  municipal  law,  as
    33  amended  by  chapter  43  of  the  laws  of  2014, is amended to read as
    34  follows:
    35    2. The Nassau county traffic and parking violations agency, as  estab-
    36  lished,  may  be  authorized to assist the Nassau county district court,
    37  and the Suffolk county traffic and parking violations agency, as  estab-
    38  lished,  may  be authorized to assist the Suffolk county district court,
    39  in the disposition and administration  of  infractions  of  traffic  and
    40  parking  laws,  ordinances,  rules  and regulations and the liability of
    41  owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev-
    42  en of the vehicle and traffic law  in  accordance  with  section  eleven
    43  hundred  eleven-b of such law and the liability of owners for violations
    44  of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f)  or  (g)  of  section  eleven  hundred
    45  eighty  of the vehicle and traffic law in accordance with section eleven
    46  hundred eighty-c of such law and the liability of owners for  violations
    47  of section eleven hundred seventy-four of the vehicle and traffic law in
    48  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  seventy-four-a  of such law,
    49  except that such agencies shall not have jurisdiction over (a) the traf-
    50  fic infraction defined under subdivision one of section  eleven  hundred
    51  ninety-two  of  the  vehicle and traffic law; (b) the traffic infraction
    52  defined under subdivision five of section eleven hundred  ninety-two  of
    53  the  vehicle  and traffic law; (c) the violation defined under paragraph
    54  (b) of subdivision four of section fourteen-f of the transportation  law
    55  and  the  violation  defined  under  clause (b) of subparagraph (iii) of
    56  paragraph c of subdivision two of  section  one  hundred  forty  of  the

        S. 4524--B                         50
     1  transportation  law;  (d)  the  traffic infraction defined under section
     2  three hundred ninety-seven-a of the vehicle  and  traffic  law  and  the
     3  traffic  infraction  defined  under  subdivision  (g)  of section eleven
     4  hundred  eighty  of  the vehicle and traffic law; (e) any misdemeanor or
     5  felony; or (f) any offense that is part  of  the  same  criminal  trans-
     6  action,  as  that term is defined in subdivision two of section 40.10 of
     7  the criminal procedure law, as a violation of subdivision one of section
     8  eleven hundred ninety-two of the vehicle and traffic law, a violation of
     9  subdivision five of section eleven hundred ninety-two of the vehicle and
    10  traffic law, a violation of paragraph (b) of subdivision four of section
    11  fourteen-f of the transportation law,  a  violation  of  clause  (b)  of
    12  subparagraph  (iii)  of  paragraph  c  of subdivision two of section one
    13  hundred forty of the transportation law, a violation  of  section  three
    14  hundred  ninety-seven-a  of  the vehicle and traffic law, a violation of
    15  subdivision (g) of section eleven hundred  eighty  of  the  vehicle  and
    16  traffic law or any misdemeanor or felony.
    17    §  14-a. Subdivision 2 of section 371 of the general municipal law, as
    18  amended by chapter 388 of the laws  of  2012,  is  amended  to  read  as
    19  follows:
    20    2.  The Nassau county traffic and parking violations agency, as estab-
    21  lished, may be authorized to assist the Nassau  county  district  court,
    22  and  the Suffolk county traffic and parking violations agency, as estab-
    23  lished, may be authorized to assist the Suffolk county  district  court,
    24  in  the  disposition  and  administration  of infractions of traffic and
    25  parking laws, ordinances, rules and regulations  and  the  liability  of
    26  owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev-
    27  en  of  the  vehicle  and  traffic law in accordance with section eleven
    28  hundred eleven-b of such law and the liability of owners for  violations
    29  of section eleven hundred seventy-four of the vehicle and traffic law in
    30  accordance  with  section  eleven  hundred  seventy-four-a  of such law,
    31  except that such agencies shall not have jurisdiction over (a) the traf-
    32  fic infraction defined under subdivision one of section  eleven  hundred
    33  ninety-two  of  the  vehicle and traffic law; (b) the traffic infraction
    34  defined under subdivision five of section eleven hundred  ninety-two  of
    35  the  vehicle  and traffic law; (c) the violation defined under paragraph
    36  (b) of subdivision four of section fourteen-f of the transportation  law
    37  and  the  violation  defined  under  clause (b) of subparagraph (iii) of
    38  paragraph c of subdivision two of  section  one  hundred  forty  of  the
    39  transportation  law;  (d)  the  traffic infraction defined under section
    40  three hundred ninety-seven-a of the vehicle  and  traffic  law  and  the
    41  traffic  infraction  defined  under  subdivision  (g)  of section eleven
    42  hundred eighty of the vehicle and traffic law; (e)  any  misdemeanor  or
    43  felony;  or  (f)  any  offense  that is part of the same criminal trans-
    44  action, as that term is defined in subdivision two of section  40.10  of
    45  the criminal procedure law, as a violation of subdivision one of section
    46  eleven hundred ninety-two of the vehicle and traffic law, a violation of
    47  subdivision five of section eleven hundred ninety-two of the vehicle and
    48  traffic law, a violation of paragraph (b) of subdivision four of section
    49  fourteen-f  of  the  transportation  law,  a  violation of clause (b) of
    50  subparagraph (iii) of paragraph c of  subdivision  two  of  section  one
    51  hundred  forty  of  the transportation law, a violation of section three
    52  hundred ninety-seven-a of the vehicle and traffic law,  a  violation  of
    53  subdivision  (g)  of  section  eleven  hundred eighty of the vehicle and
    54  traffic law or any misdemeanor or felony.
    55    § 15. Subdivision 2 of section  87  of  the  public  officers  law  is
    56  amended by adding a new paragraph (q) to read as follows:

        S. 4524--B                         51
     1    (q)  are  photographs,  microphotographs,  videotape or other recorded
     2  images prepared under authority of section eleven hundred seventy-four-a
     3  of the vehicle and traffic law.
     4    §  16.  The purchase or lease of equipment for a demonstration program
     5  established pursuant to section 1174-a of the vehicle  and  traffic  law
     6  shall be subject to the provisions of section 103 of the general munici-
     7  pal law.
     8    §  17.  Section  1604  of the education law is amended by adding a new
     9  subdivision 43 to read as follows:
    10    43. To pass a resolution, in the  discretion  of  the  board  of  such
    11  district,  authorizing the entering of an agreement with a county, city,
    12  village or town within such district, for the installation  and  use  of
    13  school bus photo violation monitoring systems pursuant to section eleven
    14  hundred seventy-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law, provided that the
    15  purchase,  lease,  installation, operation and maintenance, or any other
    16  costs associated with such cameras shall not be  considered  an  aidable
    17  expense  pursuant  to  section thirty-six hundred twenty-three-a of this
    18  chapter.
    19    § 18. Section 1709 of the education law is amended  by  adding  a  new
    20  subdivision 43 to read as follows:
    21    43.  To  pass  a  resolution,  in  the discretion of the board of such
    22  district, authorizing the entering of an agreement with a county,  city,
    23  village  or  town  within such district, for the installation and use of
    24  school bus photo violation monitoring systems pursuant to section eleven
    25  hundred seventy-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law, provided that the
    26  purchase, lease, installation, operation and maintenance, or  any  other
    27  costs  associated  with  such cameras shall not be considered an aidable
    28  expense pursuant to section thirty-six hundred  twenty-three-a  of  this
    29  chapter.
    30    §  19.  Section  2503  of the education law is amended by adding a new
    31  subdivision 21 to read as follows:
    32    21. To pass a resolution, in the  discretion  of  the  board  of  such
    33  district,  authorizing the entering of an agreement with the city within
    34  such district,  for  the  installation  and  use  of  school  bus  photo
    35  violation  monitoring  systems pursuant to section eleven hundred seven-
    36  ty-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law, provided  that  the  purchase,
    37  lease, installation, operation and maintenance, or any other costs asso-
    38  ciated  with  such  cameras  shall  not be considered an aidable expense
    39  pursuant to section thirty-six hundred twenty-three-a of this chapter.
    40    § 20. Section 2554 of the education law is amended  by  adding  a  new
    41  subdivision 28 to read as follows:
    42    28.  To  pass  a  resolution,  in  the discretion of the board of such
    43  district, authorizing the entering of an agreement with the city  within
    44  such  district,  for  the  installation  and  use  of  school  bus photo
    45  violation monitoring systems pursuant to section eleven  hundred  seven-
    46  ty-four-a  of  the  vehicle and traffic law, provided that the purchase,
    47  lease, installation, operation and maintenance, or any other costs asso-
    48  ciated with such cameras shall not  be  considered  an  aidable  expense
    49  pursuant to section thirty-six hundred twenty-three-a of this chapter.
    50    §  21.  Section 2590-h of the education law is amended by adding a new
    51  subdivision 39 to read as follows:
    52    39. To enter an agreement, in his or her discretion, with the city  of
    53  New  York  for  the  installation  and use of school bus photo violation
    54  monitoring systems pursuant to section eleven hundred seventy-four-a  of
    55  the  vehicle and traffic law, provided that the purchase, lease, instal-
    56  lation, operation and maintenance, or any other  costs  associated  with

        S. 4524--B                         52
     1  such  cameras  shall  not  be  considered an aidable expense pursuant to
     2  section thirty-six hundred twenty-three-a of this chapter.
     3    § 22. Operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems with-
     4  in  a  school  district in accordance with section 1174-a of the vehicle
     5  and traffic law. 1. The governing body of any county and  the  municipal
     6  officers  and  boards  in the several cities, towns and villages located
     7  within a school district which have adopted  local  laws  or  ordinances
     8  pursuant to section 1174-a of the vehicle and traffic law establishing a
     9  demonstration  program  imposing  monetary  liability  on the owner of a
    10  vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with  section  1174
    11  of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law when meeting a school bus marked and
    12  equipped as provided in subdivisions 20 and 21-c of section 375  of  the
    13  vehicle  and  traffic  law  and  operated  in such county, city, town or
    14  village, are each hereby authorized to enter into an agreement with  the
    15  applicable  school  district  ("district") for the installation, mainte-
    16  nance and use of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, for  the
    17  proper  handling  and  custody  of  photographs, microphotographs, vide-
    18  otapes, other recorded images and data produced by such systems, and for
    19  the forwarding of such photographs, microphotographs, videotapes,  other
    20  recorded  images  and  data  to  the  applicable  county,  city, town or
    21  village, subject to the provisions of this section and section 1174-a of
    22  the vehicle and traffic law.  Provided, however, that where  a  district
    23  has entered an agreement as provided hereunder with a county, no cities,
    24  towns  or  villages within the same county may enter into, or be a party
    25  to, any agreement with such district pursuant to this section.  Provided
    26  further,  however, that no county shall enter an agreement with any city
    27  school district wholly contained within a city.
    28    2. No agreement with the applicable school district shall take  effect
    29  until  a  county, city, town or village located within such district has
    30  adopted a local law or ordinance as authorized  by  subdivision  (a)  of
    31  section  1174-a  of  the  vehicle and traffic law.   Except as otherwise
    32  provided herein, subsequent counties, cities, towns and villages  within
    33  such  district  may  enter into the agreement with the district provided
    34  that they have adopted a local law or ordinance as authorized by  subdi-
    35  vision (a) of section 1174-a of the vehicle and traffic law.
    36    3.  Nothing  in  this  section  or act shall be construed to prevent a
    37  county, city, town, village or district at any time to withdraw from  or
    38  terminate  an  agreement  for  the  installation, maintenance and use of
    39  school bus photo violation monitoring systems within such county,  city,
    40  town  or village. Provided, however, that a county, city, town, village,
    41  or district shall provide no less than  twenty  days'  notice  to  other
    42  signatories of such agreements before withdrawing.
    43    4. For purposes of this section, the term "county" shall have the same
    44  meaning  as  such  term is defined in section 3 of the county law except
    45  that such term shall not include any county wholly  contained  within  a
    46  city,  and the term "school bus photo violation monitoring system" shall
    47  have the same meaning as such term is  defined  by  subdivision  (c)  of
    48  section 1174-a of the vehicle and traffic law.
    49    § 23. For the purpose of informing and educating owners of motor vehi-
    50  cles in this state, any county not wholly contained within a city, city,
    51  town or village authorized to issue notices of liability pursuant to the
    52  provisions  of this act may, during the first thirty-day period in which
    53  school bus photo violation monitoring systems are in operation  pursuant
    54  to the provisions of this act within such county, city, town or village,
    55  issue  a  written warning in lieu of a notice of liability to all owners
    56  of motor vehicles who would be held  liable  for  failure  of  operators

        S. 4524--B                         53
     1  thereof  to comply with section 1174 of the vehicle and traffic law when
     2  meeting a school bus marked and equipped as provided in subdivisions  20
     3  and 21-c of section 375 of such law.
     4    §  24.  A  county, city, town, or village which adopts a demonstration
     5  program pursuant to subdivision (a) of section 1174-a of the vehicle and
     6  traffic law shall annually provide a copy of the annual report that such
     7  county, city, town, or village submits pursuant to  subdivision  (m)  of
     8  such  section,  to each local law enforcement agency having jurisdiction
     9  to enforce violations of the vehicle and traffic law or  any  ordinance,
    10  rule  or  regulation relating to traffic adopted pursuant to such law on
    11  roadways within such county, city, town, or village.
    12    § 25. This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after  it  shall
    13  have  become a law and shall expire December 1, 2024 when upon such date
    14  the provisions of this act shall be deemed repealed; provided  that  any
    15  such  local  law  as may be enacted pursuant to this act shall remain in
    16  full force and effect only until December 1, 2024 and provided, further,
    17  that:
    18    (a) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle  and
    19  traffic law made by section one of this act shall not affect the expira-
    20  tion  of  such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
    21  upon such date the provisions of section one-a of this  act  shall  take
    22  effect;
    23    (b)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
    24  by section one-a of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
    25  section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
    26  provisions of section one-b of this act shall take effect;
    27    (c)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
    28  by section one-b of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
    29  section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
    30  provisions of section one-c of this act shall take effect;
    31    (d)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
    32  by section one-c of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
    33  section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
    34  provisions of section one-d of this act shall take effect;
    35    (e)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
    36  by section one-d of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
    37  section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
    38  provisions of section one-e of this act shall take effect;
    39    (f)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
    40  by section one-e of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
    41  section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
    42  provisions of section one-f of this act shall take effect;
    43    (g)  the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law made
    44  by section one-f of this act shall not affect  the  expiration  of  such
    45  section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the
    46  provisions of section one-g of this act shall take effect;
    47    (h)  the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and
    48  traffic law made by section two of this act shall not affect the expira-
    49  tion of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,  when
    50  upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-a of this act shall take
    51  effect;
    52    (i) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle  and
    53  traffic law made by section two-a of this act shall not affect the expi-
    54  ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
    55  upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-b of this act shall take
    56  effect;

        S. 4524--B                         54
     1    (j) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle  and
     2  traffic law made by section two-b of this act shall not affect the expi-
     3  ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
     4  upon  such  date  the provisions of section two-c of this act shall take
     5  effect;
     6    (k)  the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and
     7  traffic law made by section two-c of this act shall not affect the expi-
     8  ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
     9  upon such date the provisions of section two-d of this  act  shall  take
    10  effect;
    11    (l)  the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and
    12  traffic law made by section two-d of this act shall not affect the expi-
    13  ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
    14  upon such date the provisions of section two-e of this  act  shall  take
    15  effect;
    16    (m)  the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and
    17  traffic law made by section two-e of this act shall not affect the expi-
    18  ration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when
    19  upon such date the provisions of section two-f of this  act  shall  take
    20  effect;
    21    (n)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
    22  the vehicle and traffic law made by section four of this act  shall  not
    23  affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
    24  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section four-a of  this
    25  act shall take effect;
    26    (o)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
    27  the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-a of this act shall not
    28  affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be  deemed  to  expire
    29  therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section four-b of this
    30  act shall take effect;
    31    (p) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section  239  of
    32  the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-b of this act shall not
    33  affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
    34  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section four-c of  this
    35  act shall take effect;
    36    (q)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
    37  the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-c of this act shall not
    38  affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be  deemed  to  expire
    39  therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section four-d of this
    40  act shall take effect;
    41    (r) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section  239  of
    42  the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-d of this act shall not
    43  affect  the  expiration  of such paragraph and shall be deemed to expire
    44  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section four-e of  this
    45  act shall take effect;
    46    (s)  the  amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of
    47  the vehicle and traffic law made by section four-e of this act shall not
    48  affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be  deemed  to  expire
    49  therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section four-f of this
    50  act shall take effect;
    51    (t) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of  section  240  of  the
    52  vehicle  and  traffic  law  made  by  section five of this act shall not
    53  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    54  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section five-a of  this
    55  act shall take effect;

        S. 4524--B                         55
     1    (u)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the
     2  vehicle and traffic law made by section five-a of  this  act  shall  not
     3  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
     4  therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section five-b of this
     5  act shall take effect;
     6    (v)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the
     7  vehicle and traffic law made by section five-b of  this  act  shall  not
     8  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
     9  therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section five-c of this
    10  act shall take effect;
    11    (w) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of  section  240  of  the
    12  vehicle  and  traffic  law  made by section five-c of this act shall not
    13  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    14  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section five-d of  this
    15  act shall take effect;
    16    (x)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the
    17  vehicle and traffic law made by section five-d of  this  act  shall  not
    18  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    19  therewith,  when upon such date the provisions of section five-e of this
    20  act shall take effect;
    21    (y) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of  section  240  of  the
    22  vehicle  and  traffic  law  made by section five-e of this act shall not
    23  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    24  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section five-f of  this
    25  act shall take effect;
    26    (z)  the  amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
    27  240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section six of this act shall
    28  not affect the expiration of such paragraphs  and  shall  be  deemed  to
    29  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-a of
    30  this act shall take effect;
    31    (aa)  the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
    32  240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section  six-a  of  this  act
    33  shall  not  affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed
    34  to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-b
    35  of this act shall take effect;
    36    (bb) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of  section
    37  240  of  the  vehicle  and traffic law made by section six-b of this act
    38  shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall  be  deemed
    39  to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-c
    40  of this act shall take effect;
    41    (cc)  the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
    42  240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section  six-c  of  this  act
    43  shall  not  affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed
    44  to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-d
    45  of this act shall take effect;
    46    (dd) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of  section
    47  240  of  the  vehicle  and traffic law made by section six-d of this act
    48  shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall  be  deemed
    49  to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-e
    50  of this act shall take effect;
    51    (ee)  the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section
    52  240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section  six-e  of  this  act
    53  shall  not  affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed
    54  to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section six-f
    55  of this act shall take effect;

        S. 4524--B                         56
     1    (ff) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2  of  section  241  of  the
     2  vehicle  and  traffic  law  made  by section seven of this act shall not
     3  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
     4  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-a of this
     5  act shall take effect;
     6    (gg)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
     7  vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-a of this  act  shall  not
     8  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
     9  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-b of this
    10  act shall take effect;
    11    (hh)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
    12  vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-b of this  act  shall  not
    13  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    14  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-c of this
    15  act shall take effect;
    16    (ii)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
    17  vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-c of this  act  shall  not
    18  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    19  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-d of this
    20  act shall take effect;
    21    (jj)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
    22  vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-d of this  act  shall  not
    23  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    24  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-e of this
    25  act shall take effect;
    26    (kk)  the  amendments  to  subdivisions  1 and 2 of section 241 of the
    27  vehicle and traffic law made by section seven-e of this  act  shall  not
    28  affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire
    29  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section seven-f of this
    30  act shall take effect;
    31    (ll)  the amendments to subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision
    32  5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section  eight
    33  of  this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall
    34  be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such  date  the  provisions  of
    35  section eight-a of this act shall take effect;
    36    (mm)  the  amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
    37  of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-a of this act shall
    38  not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
    39  expire  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-b
    40  of this act shall take effect;
    41    (nn) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of  section  401
    42  of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-b of this act shall
    43  not  affect  the  expiration  of  such  paragraph and shall be deemed to
    44  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section  eight-c
    45  of this act shall take effect;
    46    (oo)  the  amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
    47  of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-c of this act shall
    48  not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
    49  expire  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-d
    50  of this act shall take effect;
    51    (pp) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of  section  401
    52  of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-d of this act shall
    53  not  affect  the  expiration  of  such  paragraph and shall be deemed to
    54  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section  eight-e
    55  of this act shall take effect;

        S. 4524--B                         57
     1    (qq)  the  amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
     2  of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-e of this act shall
     3  not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
     4  expire  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-f
     5  of this act shall take effect;
     6    (rr)  the  amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401
     7  of the vehicle and traffic law made by section eight-f of this act shall
     8  not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
     9  expire  therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eight-g
    10  of this act shall take effect;
    11    (ss) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
    12  and  traffic  law  made  by section ten of this act shall not affect the
    13  expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,
    14  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-a of this act shall
    15  take effect;
    16    (tt) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
    17  and  traffic  law made by section ten-a of this act shall not affect the
    18  expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,
    19  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-b of this act shall
    20  take effect;
    21    (uu) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
    22  and  traffic  law made by section ten-b of this act shall not affect the
    23  expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,
    24  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-c of this act shall
    25  take effect;
    26    (vv) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
    27  and  traffic  law made by section ten-c of this act shall not affect the
    28  expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,
    29  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-d of this act shall
    30  take effect;
    31    (ww) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
    32  and  traffic  law made by section ten-d of this act shall not affect the
    33  expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,
    34  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-e of this act shall
    35  take effect;
    36    (xx) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
    37  and  traffic  law made by section ten-e of this act shall not affect the
    38  expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,
    39  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-f of this act shall
    40  take effect;
    41    (yy) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809  of  the  vehicle
    42  and  traffic  law made by section ten-f of this act shall not affect the
    43  expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire  therewith,
    44  when  upon  such  date the provisions of section ten-g of this act shall
    45  take effect;
    46    (zz) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section  1809-e
    47  of  the vehicle and traffic law made by section eleven of this act shall
    48  not affect the expiration of such  paragraph  and  shall  be  deemed  to
    49  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-a
    50  of this act shall take effect;
    51    (aaa) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e
    52  of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section eleven-a of this act
    53  shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
    54  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-b
    55  of this act shall take effect;

        S. 4524--B                         58
     1    (bbb) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e
     2  of the vehicle and traffic law made by  section  eleven-b  of  this  act
     3  shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
     4  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-c
     5  of this act shall take effect;
     6    (ccc) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e
     7  of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section eleven-c of this act
     8  shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
     9  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-d
    10  of this act shall take effect;
    11    (ddd) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e
    12  of the vehicle and traffic law made by  section  eleven-d  of  this  act
    13  shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
    14  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-e
    15  of this act shall take effect;
    16    (eee) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e
    17  of  the  vehicle  and  traffic  law made by section eleven-e of this act
    18  shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to
    19  expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eleven-f
    20  of this act shall take effect;
    21    (fff) the amendments made to subdivision  1  of  section  371  of  the
    22  general  municipal  law  made  by section thirteen of this act shall not
    23  affect the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to  expire
    24  therewith,  when  upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-a of
    25  this act shall take effect;
    26    (ggg) the amendments made to section 371 of the general municipal  law
    27  made  by  section thirteen-a of this act shall not affect the expiration
    28  of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon  such
    29  date the provisions of section thirteen-b of this act shall take effect;
    30    (hhh)  the amendments made to section 371 of the general municipal law
    31  made by section thirteen-b of this act shall not affect  the  expiration
    32  of  such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such
    33  date the provisions of section thirteen-c of this act shall take effect;
    34    (iii) the amendments made to section 371 of the general municipal  law
    35  made  by  section thirteen-c of this act shall not affect the expiration
    36  of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon  such
    37  date the provisions of section thirteen-d of this act shall take effect;
    38    (jjj)  the amendments made to section 371 of the general municipal law
    39  made by section fourteen of this act shall not affect the expiration  of
    40  such  section  and  shall  be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such
    41  date the provisions of section fourteen-a of this act shall take effect;
    42  and
    43    (kkk) the amendments made to section 2590-h of the education law  made
    44  by  section  twenty-one  of this act shall not affect the expiration and
    45  reversion of such section and shall expire therewith.
feedback