Bill Text: NC H720 | 2015-2016 | Regular Session | Amended
Bill Title: Judicial Appointment/Retention Elections
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Republican 3-0)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2015-04-15 - Ref to the Com on Judiciary I, if favorable, Elections [H720 Detail]
Download: North_Carolina-2015-H720-Amended.html
GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA
SESSION 2015
H 1
HOUSE BILL 720
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Short Title: Judicial Appointment/Retention Elections. |
(Public) |
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Sponsors: |
Representatives Bryan and Daughtry (Primary Sponsors). For a complete list of Sponsors, refer to the North Carolina General Assembly Web Site. |
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Referred to: |
Judiciary I, if favorable, Elections. |
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April 15, 2015
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT to amend the constitution of north carolina to replace the present practice of selecting judges of the superior and district courts with nomination from a judicial nominating commission and appointment by the general assembly, followed by a retention election and to make conforming statutory changes.
The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
SECTION 1.(a) Section 9(1) of Article IV of the Constitution of North Carolina reads as rewritten:
"Sec. 9. Superior Courts.
(1) Superior Court districts. The General Assembly
shall, from time to time, divide the State into a convenient number of Superior
Court judicial districts and shall provide for the election appointment
and retention of one or more Superior Court Judges for each district.district
in the manner prescribed by Section 16 of this Article. Each regular
Superior Court Judge shall reside in the district for which he is elected.appointed.
The General Assembly may provide by general law for the selection or
appointment of special or emergency Superior Court Judges not selected for a
particular judicial district.
…."
SECTION 1.(b) Section 10 of Article IV of the Constitution of North Carolina reads as rewritten:
"Sec. 10. District Courts.
The General Assembly shall, from time to time, divide the
State into a convenient number of local court districts and shall prescribe
where the District Courts shall sit, but a District Court must sit in at least
one place in each county. District Judges shall be electedappointed
by the General Assembly for each district for a term of four years,years
and retained by the qualified voters of their respective districts in a
manner prescribed by law. When more than one District Judge is authorized and electedappointed
for a district, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court shall designate one of
the judges as Chief District Judge. Every District Judge shall reside in the
district for which he is elected.appointed or retained. For each
county, the senior regular resident Judge of the Superior Court serving the
county shall appoint from nominations submitted by the Clerk of the Superior
Court of the county, one or more Magistrates who shall be officers of the
District Court. The initial term of appointment for a magistrate shall be for
two years and subsequent terms shall be for four years. The number of District
Judges and Magistrates shall, from time to time, be determined by the General
Assembly. Vacancies in the office of District Judge shall be filled for the
unexpired term in a manner prescribed by law. Vacancies in the office of
Magistrate shall be filled for the unexpired term in the manner provided for
original appointment to the office, unless otherwise provided by the General
Assembly."
SECTION 1.(c) Section 16 of Article IV of the Constitution of North Carolina reads as rewritten:
"Sec. 16. Terms of office and election of Justices of
the Supreme Court,Court and Judges of the Court of Appeals, and appointment
and retention of Judges of the Superior Court.
Justices of the Supreme Court,Court and Judges
of the Court of Appeals, and regular Judges of the Superior CourtAppeals
shall be elected by the qualified voters and shall hold office for terms of
eight years and until their successors are elected and qualified. Justices of
the Supreme Court and Judges of the Court of Appeals shall be elected by the
qualified voters of the State. Regular Judges of the Superior Court mayshall
be electedappointed by the General Assembly and retained by the
qualified voters of the State or by the voters of their respective districts,
as the General Assembly may prescribe.districts in a manner prescribed
by law and shall hold office for terms of eight years and until their
successors are appointed and qualified. Vacancies in the office of Judge of the
Superior Court shall be filled for the unexpired term in a manner prescribed by
law."
SECTION 1.(d) The amendments set out in subsections (a) through (c) of this section shall be submitted to the qualified voters of the State at an election on November 8, 2016, which election shall be conducted under the laws then governing elections in the State. Ballots, voting systems, or both may be used in accordance with Chapter 163 of the General Statutes. The question on the ballot shall be:
"[ ] FOR [ ] AGAINST
Constitutional amendment to replace the present practice of selecting Judges of the Superior Court and the District Court by appointment by the General Assembly, followed by retention elections, and to provide that vacancies in the office of Regular Superior Court Judge shall be filled as provided by law."
SECTION 1.(e) If a majority of votes cast on the question are in favor of the amendments set out in subsections (a) through (c) of this section, the State Board of Elections shall certify the amendments to the Secretary of State. The amendments become effective upon this certification. The Secretary of State shall enroll the amendments so certified among the permanent records of that office.
SECTION 2. Chapter 7A of the General Statutes is amended by adding a new Article to read:
"Article 1A.
"Appointment and Retention of Superior and District Court Judges.
"Part 1. Appointment of Superior and District Court Judges.
"§ 7A‑4.1. Nomination of superior and district court judges by Judicial Nominating Commission and appointment by General Assembly.
Vacancies in the offices of superior court judge and district court judge are filled by nomination of five candidates by the Judicial Nominating Commission and appointment of one of the five nominees or another qualified person by the General Assembly as provided in this Article.
"§ 7A‑4.2. Judicial Nominating Commission; creation; membership; terms; administration.
(a) The Judicial Nominating Commission is created within the Administrative Office of the Courts for budgetary purposes.
(b) The Commission shall consist of 12 voting members appointed as follows:
(1) Two persons who are not attorneys, appointed by the Governor.
(2) One person who is not an attorney, appointed by the President Pro Tempore of the Senate.
(3) One person who is not an attorney, appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
(4) One person appointed by the President Pro Tempore of the Senate from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the North Carolina Bar Association.
(5) One person appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the North Carolina Conference of District Attorneys.
(6) One person appointed by the Governor from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the North Carolina Advocates For Justice, Inc.
(7) One person appointed by the Governor from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the North Carolina Association of Defense Attorneys.
(8) One person appointed by the Governor from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the North Carolina Association of Women Attorneys, Inc.
(9) One person appointed by the Governor from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the North Carolina Association of Black Lawyers, Inc.
(10) One person appointed by the Governor from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the Council of the State Bar.
(11) One person appointed by the Governor from a list of three persons authorized to practice law in the courts of this State, submitted by the Commission on Indigent Defense Services.
(c) In addition to the voting members, all retired Chief Justices are nonvoting members but shall not be considered in determining a quorum and may serve in addition to any other offices they are authorized to hold under Chapter 128 of the General Statutes.
(d) Members of the Commission shall serve staggered four‑year terms. One half of the appointees shall serve an initial term of two years, as determined by lot at the first meeting of the Commission. The remainder of the appointees shall serve an initial term of four years. Commission members may not serve more than one full four‑year term.
(e) Vacancies in the membership of the Commission shall be filled for the remainder of the unexpired term by the appointing officer who made the initial appointment under the same process as a regular appointment.
(f) The Governor shall appoint a chair from among the voting membership to serve a two‑year term. The Commission shall appoint from among its membership a vice‑chair for a two‑year term and shall appoint a secretary.
(g) Members of the Commission shall not receive compensation but shall be paid necessary subsistence and travel expenses as provided by G.S. 138‑5 and G.S. 138‑6 as applicable, paid from funds appropriated to implement this Article and within the limits of those funds.
(h) No member of the General Assembly shall serve concurrently as a member of the Commission.
(i) In making appointments to the Commission from among lists of three nominated persons, the General Assembly shall consider and give due regard to the following:
(1) An even balance of party affiliation.
(2) Law practice background, practice area, and practice setting.
(3) Race and ethnicity.
(4) Gender.
(5) Geography.
"§ 7A‑4.3. Judicial Nominating Commission; duties.
The Commission shall do the following:
(1) Establish operating procedures for the Commission.
(2) Solicit judicial nominations from interested persons and members of the general public to fill appellate and superior court vacancies.
(3) Establish and publicize the procedures for submitting a candidate to be considered by the Commission.
(4) Interview and investigate candidates for judicial appointment to the appellate courts.
(5) Nominate persons to the Governor for appointment to the superior and district courts.
(6) Review and evaluate the tenure of judges who must stand for a retention election.
(7) Issue a report on justices and judges standing for a retention election 90 days before the election. The report shall include (i) information the Commission believes would be helpful to the citizens of North Carolina and (ii) information regarding any disciplinary action taken against a justice or judge during tenure. The report may include a recommendation by the Commission for or against the justice's or judge's retention.
(8) Perform any other duties the Commission deems necessary to carry out the mandate of this Article.
"§ 7A‑4.4. Nomination procedures; appointment by enactment of bill.
(a) The Commission shall conduct an investigation of a candidate for nomination based on criteria it establishes, including the following at a minimum:
(1) Integrity.
(2) Legal knowledge and ability.
(3) Professional experience demonstrating excellence in the profession.
(4) Judicial temperament.
(5) Diligence.
(6) Health.
(7) Personal financial responsibility.
(8) Public service.
(b) In choosing nominees, the Commission shall foster diversity in race, sex, ethnicity, geography, and professional experience.
(c) The Commission shall establish a procedure for eligible persons to submit themselves as candidates for nomination. If fewer than five eligible persons apply, the Commission shall reopen the process one time.
(d) A candidate for nomination shall be given an opportunity to present to the Commission any information that the candidate determines to be appropriate, including a request for consideration for a specialized judgeship in accordance with G.S. 7A‑147.
(e) The Commission shall not investigate any candidate for nomination who is not eligible to hold the office.
(f) Notwithstanding G.S. 7A‑377, the Commission may inspect the files of the Judicial Standards Commission by request of the chair of the Commission. Testimony and other evidence presented to the Commission are privileged in any action for defamation.
(g) The Commission shall nominate five persons to be considered by the General Assembly for judicial appointment within 60 days of any vacancy in office. The General Assembly shall appoint one of the persons nominated by the Commission or another qualified person by enactment of a bill. The bill shall state the name of the person being appointed, the office to which the appointment is being made, and the county of residence of the appointee.
(h) The internal files and information obtained by the Commission during the examination of a potential judicial nominee are not public records until such time as the candidate is recommended to the General Assembly for a judicial appointment. Nominations, the Commission's vote on judicial nominees, and reports made by the Commission are public records.
"Part 2. Retention Elections for Superior and District Court Judges.
"§ 7A‑4.10. Retention elections.
(a) If a judge of superior court or a judge of district court was appointed to that office, then the next election for that office shall be by ballot as otherwise provided by this Chapter and Chapter 163 of the General Statutes.
(b) A judge of superior court or a judge of district court who was elected to that office at the most recent election, whether by nonpartisan election or by retention election, who desires to continue in office shall be subject to approval by nonpartisan ballot at the general election immediately preceding the expiration of the term. Approval shall be by a majority of votes cast on the issue of the judge's retention. The qualified voters of the whole State shall be allowed to vote in a retention election of a judge of superior court or judge of district court.
(c) A person subject to subsection (b) of this section shall indicate the desire to continue in office by filing a notice to that effect with the State Board of Elections no later than 12:00 noon on the first business day of July in the year prior to the election. The notice shall be on a form approved by the State Board of Elections. Notice can be withdrawn at any time prior to December 15 of that year. If no retention notice is filed, or if it is filed and timely withdrawn, then a successor shall be appointed in accordance with Part 1 of this Article.
(d) Retention elections shall be conducted and canvassed in accordance with rules of the State Board of Elections in the same general manner as general elections under Article 25 of Chapter 163 of the General Statutes.
(e) Retention elections shall be placed on the ballot in the same place as other nonpartisan judicial elections. The question on the ballot shall be substantially in the following form:
"[ ] FOR [ ] AGAINST
The retention of [name of Judge] on the superior court for a new term of eight years."; or
"[ ] FOR [ ] AGAINST
The retention of [name of Judge] on the district court for a new term of eight years.", as appropriate.
(f) If a person who has filed a notice calling a retention election dies or is removed from office prior to the time that the ballots are printed, the retention election is cancelled. If a person who has filed a notice calling a retention election dies or is removed from office after the ballots are printed, the State Board of Elections may cancel the retention election if it determines that the ballots can be reprinted without significant expense. If the ballots cannot be reprinted, then the results of the retention election shall be ineffective.
(g) A person seeking retention for a specialized district judgeship established under G.S. 7A‑147 shall file with the State Board of Elections a written statement designating the specialized judgeship to which the person seeks to be retained.
"§ 7A‑4.11. Retention approval; failure to retain.
(a) If the voters vote to approve the retention in office of a superior court judge, the judge shall be retained for a new eight‑year term. If the voters vote to approve the retention in office of a district court judge, the judge shall be retained for a new four‑year term.
(b) If the voters fail to approve the retention in office of a judge of superior court or a judge of district court, the office shall become vacant at the end of the term of office, the incumbent shall not hold over, and it shall be filled by appointment as provided in Part 1 of this Article.
"§ 7A‑4.12. Governor to issue commissions to judges.
When a judge is retained in office by vote of the people, the Governor shall issue a commission attesting that fact. The Governor shall issue the commission upon receipt of a certification by the Secretary of State of the results of the election."
SECTION 3. G.S. 7A‑41.2 reads as rewritten:
"§ 7A‑41.2.
Nomination and election Selection of regular superior court
judges.
Candidates for the office of regular superior court judge
shall be both nominated and elected by the qualified voters of the superior
court district for which the election is sought.selected as provided by
Article 1A of this Chapter."
SECTION 4.(a) G.S. 7A‑45.1 reads as rewritten:
"(a10) Except for the judgeships abolished pursuant to subsection (a8) of this section, upon the retirement, resignation, removal from office, death, or expiration of the term of any special superior court judge on or after September 1, 2014, but before January 1, 2018, each judgeship shall be filled for a full five‑year term beginning upon the judge's taking office according to the following procedure prescribed by the General Assembly pursuant to Article IV, Section 9(1) of the North Carolina Constitution. As each judgeship becomes vacant or the term expires, the Governor shall submit the name of a nominee for that judgeship to the General Assembly for confirmation by ratified joint resolution. Upon each such confirmation, the Governor shall appoint the confirmed nominee to that judgeship.
However, upon the failure of the Governor to submit the name of a nominee within 90 days of the occurrence of the vacancy or within 90 days of the expiration of the judge's term, as applicable, the President Pro Tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives jointly shall submit the name of a nominee to the General Assembly. The appointment shall then be made by enactment of a bill. The bill shall state the name of the person being appointed, the office to which the appointment is being made, and the county of residence of the appointee.
The Governor may withdraw any nomination prior to it failing on any reading, and in case of such withdrawal the Governor shall submit a different nomination within 45 days of withdrawal. If a nomination shall fail any reading, the Governor shall submit a different nomination within 45 days of such failure. In either case of failure to submit a new nomination within 45 days, the President Pro Tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall submit the name of a nominee to the General Assembly under the procedure provided in the preceding paragraph.
No person shall occupy a special superior court judgeship authorized under this subsection in any capacity, or have any right to, claim upon, or powers of those judgeships, unless that person's nomination has been confirmed by the General Assembly by joint resolution or appointed through the enactment of a bill upon the failure of the Governor to submit a nominee. Until confirmed by the General Assembly and appointed by the Governor, or appointed by the General Assembly upon the failure of the Governor to appoint a nominee, and qualified by taking the oath of office, a nominee is neither a de jure nor a de facto officer."
SECTION 4.(b) G.S. 7A‑45.1 is amended by adding a new subsection to read:
"(a11) Upon the retirement, resignation, removal from office, death, or expiration of the term of any special superior court judge on or after January 1, 2018, each judgeship shall be filled for a full five‑year term beginning upon the judge's taking office as provided in Article 1A of this Chapter."
SECTION 5. G.S. 7A‑140 reads as rewritten:
"§ 7A‑140.
Number; election;selection; term; qualification; oath.
There shall be at least one district judge for each district.
Each district judge shall be elected by the qualified voters of the district
court district in which he or she is to serve at the time of the election for
members of the General Assembly.selected as provided by Article 1A of
this Chapter. The number of judges for each district shall be determined by
the General Assembly. Each judge shall be a resident of the district for
which elected,from which selected, and shall serve a term of four years,
beginning on the first day in January next after election.years.
Each district judge shall devote his or her full time to the duties of the office. He or she shall not practice law during the term, nor shall he or she during such term be the partner or associate of any person engaged in the practice of law.
Before entering upon his or her duties, each district judge, in addition to other oaths prescribed by law, shall take the oath of office prescribed for a judge of the General Court of Justice."
SECTION 6. G.S. 7A‑142 is repealed.
SECTION 7. G.S. 7A‑147 reads as rewritten:
"§ 7A‑147. Specialized judgeships.
(a) Prior to January 1 of each year in which
elections for district court judges are to be held, theThe
Administrative Officer of the Courts may, with the approval of the chief district
judge, designate one or more judgeships in districts having three or more
judgeships, as specialized judgeships, naming in each case the specialty.
Designations shall become effective when filed with the State Board of
Elections. Nominees for the position or positions of specialist judge shall be
made in the ensuing primary and the position or positions shall be filled at
the general election thereafter. The State Board of Elections shall prepare
primary and general election ballots to effectuate the purposes of this
section.upon appointments or retentions made in accordance with Article
1A of this Chapter.
(b) The designation of a specialized judgeship shall
in no way impair the right of the chief district judge to arrange sessions for
the trial of specialized cases and to assign any district judge to preside over
these sessions. A judge elected toappointed or retained for a
specialized judgeship has the same powers as a regular district judge.
(c) The policy of the State is to encourage specialization in juvenile cases by district court judges who are qualified by training and temperament to be effective in relating to youth and in the use of appropriate community resources to meet their needs. The Administrative Office of the Courts is therefore authorized to encourage judges who hear juvenile cases to secure appropriate training whether or not they were elected to a specialized judgeship as provided herein. Such training shall be provided within the funds available to the Administrative Office of the Courts for such training, and judges attending such training shall be reimbursed for travel and subsistence expenses at the same rate as is applicable to other State employees.
The Administrative Office of the Courts shall develop a plan whereby a district court judge may be better qualified to hear juvenile cases by reason of training, experience, and demonstrated ability. Any district court judge who completes the training under this plan shall receive a certificate to this effect from the Administrative Office of the Courts. In districts where there is a district court judge who has completed this training as herein provided, the chief district judge shall give due consideration in the assignment of such cases where practical and feasible."
SECTION 8. G.S. 143‑318.11(a) reads as rewritten:
"(a) Permitted Purposes. – It is the policy of this State that closed sessions shall be held only when required to permit a public body to act in the public interest as permitted in this section. A public body may hold a closed session and exclude the public only when a closed session is required:
…
(10) To consider the qualifications, competence, performance, character, and fitness of a candidate who is seeking a judicial nomination to the General Assembly by the Judicial Nominating Commission."
SECTION 9. G.S. 163‑1 is amended in the table by deleting the entries for "Judges of the superior courts" and "Judges of the district courts."
SECTION 10. G.S. 163‑9 reads as rewritten:
"§ 163‑9.
Filling vacancies in State and district judicial offices.
(a) Vacancies occurring in the offices of Justice of
the Supreme Court,Court and judge of the Court of Appeals, and
judge of the superior court for causes other than expiration of term shall
be filled by appointment of the Governor. An appointee to the office of Justice
of the Supreme Court or judge of the Court of Appeals shall hold office until
January 1 next following the election for members of the General Assembly that
is held more than 60 days after the vacancy occurs, at which time an election
shall be held for an eight‑year term and until a successor is elected and
qualified.
(b) Except for judges specified in the next
paragraph of this subsection, an appointee to the office of judge of superior
court shall hold his place until the next election for members of the General
Assembly that is held more than 60 days after the vacancy occurs, at which time
an election shall be held to fill the unexpired term of the office.
Appointees for judges of the superior court from any district:
(1) With only one resident judge; or
(2) In which no county is subject to section
5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965,
shall hold the office until the next election of members
of the General Assembly that is held more than 60 days after the vacancy
occurs, at which time an election shall be held to fill an eight‑year
term.
(c) When the unexpired term of the office in which the vacancy has occurred expires on the first day of January succeeding the next election for members of the General Assembly, the Governor shall appoint to fill that vacancy for the unexpired term of the office.
(d) Vacancies in the office of district
judge which occur before the expiration of a term shall not be filled by
election. Vacancies in the office of district judge shall be filled in
accordance with G.S. 7A‑142."
SECTION 11. G.S. 163‑182.16 reads as rewritten:
"§ 163‑182.16. Governor to issue commissions for certain offices.
The Secretary of State shall send a notice to the Governor
that a certificate of election has been issued for any of the following
offices, and upon receiving the notice, the Governor shall provide to each such
elected official a commission attesting to that person's election:election,
or retention, as applicable:
(1) Members of the United States House of Representatives.
(2) Justices, judges, and district attorneys of the General Court of Justice."
SECTION 12. Subchapter X of Chapter 163 of the General Statutes reads as rewritten:
"SUBCHAPTER
X. ELECTION OF APPELLATE, SUPERIOR, AND DISTRICT COURTappellate
JUDGES.
"Article 25.
"Nomination and Election of Appellate, Superior,
and District CourtAppellate Judges.
"§ 163‑321. Applicability.
The nomination and election of justices of the Supreme Court,
judges of the Court of Appeals, and superior and district court judges of the
General Court of JusticeCourt and judges of the Court of Appeals
shall be as provided by this Article.
…
"§ 163‑323. Notice of candidacy.
…
(b) Time for Filing Notice of Candidacy. – Candidates seeking election to the following offices shall file their notice of candidacy with the State Board of Elections no earlier than 12:00 noon on the second Monday in February and no later than 12:00 noon on the last business day in February preceding the election:
Justices of the Supreme Court.
Judges of the Court of Appeals.
Judges of the superior courts.
Judges of the district courts.
…
(d) Certificate That Candidate Is Registered Voter. –
Candidates shall file along with their notice a certificate signed by the
chairman of the board of elections or the director of elections of the county
in which they are registered to vote, stating that the person is registered to
vote in that county, and if the candidacy is for superior court judge and
the county contains more than one superior court district, stating the superior
court district of which the person is a resident.county. In issuing
such certificate, the chairman or director shall check the registration records
of the county to verify such information. During the period commencing 36 hours
immediately preceding the filing deadline, the State Board of Elections shall
accept, on a conditional basis, the notice of candidacy of a candidate who has
failed to secure the verification ordered herein subject to receipt of
verification no later than three days following the filing deadline. The State
Board of Elections shall prescribe the form for such certificate, and
distribute it to each county board of elections no later than the last Monday
in December of each odd‑numbered year.
…
(f) Notice of Candidacy for Certain Offices to
Indicate Vacancy. – In any election in which there are two or more vacancies
for the office of justice of the Supreme Court,Court or judge of
the Court of Appeals, or district court judgeAppeals to be filled
by nominations, each candidate shall, at the time of filing notice of
candidacy, file with the State Board of Elections a written statement
designating the vacancy to which the candidate seeks election. Votes cast for a
candidate shall be effective only for election to the vacancy for which the
candidate has given notice of candidacy as provided in this subsection.
A person seeking election for a specialized district
judgeship established under G.S. 7A‑147 shall, at the time of filing
notice of candidacy, file with the State Board of Elections a written statement
designating the specialized judgeship to which the person seeks nomination.
(g) No person may file a notice of candidacy
for superior court judge unless that person is at the time of filing the notice
of candidacy a resident of the judicial district as it will exist at the time
the person would take office if elected. No person may be nominated as a
superior court judge under G.S. 163‑114 unless that person is at the
time of nomination a resident of the judicial district as it will exist at the
time the person would take office if elected. This subsection implements
Article IV, Section 9(1) of the North Carolina Constitution which requires
regular Superior Court Judges to reside in the district for which elected.
…
"§ 163‑325. Petition in lieu of payment of filing fee.
(a) General. – Any qualified voter who seeks election under this Article may, in lieu of payment of any filing fee required for the office he seeks, file a written petition requesting him to be a candidate for a specified office with the State Board of Elections.
(b) Requirements of Petition; Deadline for Filing. –
If the candidate is seeking the office of justice of the Supreme Court,Court
or judge of the Court of Appeals, or superior or district court judge,Appeals,
that individual shall file a written petition with the State Board of Elections
no later than 12:00 noon on Monday preceding the filing deadline before the
primary. If the office is justice of the Supreme Court or judge of the Court
of Appeals, theThe petition shall be signed by 8,000 registered
voters in the State. If the office is superior court or district court
judge, the petition shall be signed by five percent (5%) of the registered
voters of the election area in which the office will be voted for. The
board of elections shall verify the names on the petition, and if the petition
and notice of candidacy are found to be sufficient, the candidate's name shall
be printed on the appropriate ballot. Petitions must be presented to the county
board of elections for verification at least 15 days before the petition is due
to be filed with the State Board of Elections. The State Board of Elections may
adopt rules to implement this section and to provide standard petition forms.
"§ 163‑326. Certification of notices of candidacy.
…
(b) Notification of Local Boards. – No later than 10
days after the time for filing notices of candidacy under the provisions of G.S. 163‑323(b)
has expired, the chairman of the State Board of Elections shall certify to the
chairman of the county board of elections in each county in the appropriate
district the names of candidates for nomination to the offices of justice of
the Supreme Court,Court and judge of the Court of Appeals, and
superior and district court judgeAppeals who have filed the required
notice and paid the required filing fee or presented the required petition to
the State Board of Elections, so that their names may be printed on the
official judicial ballot for justice of the Supreme Court,Court and
judge of the Court of Appeals, and superior and district court.Appeals.
…
"§ 163‑327.1.
Rules when vacancies for superior court judge are to be voted on.
If a vacancy occurs in a judicial district for any offices
of superior court judge, and on account of the occurrence of such vacancy,
there is to be an election for one or more terms in that district to fill the
vacancy or vacancies, at that same election in accordance with G.S. 163‑9
and Article IV, Section 19 of the North Carolina Constitution, the nomination and
election shall be determined by the following special rules in addition to any
other provisions of law:
(1) If the vacancy occurs prior to the
opening of the filing period under G.S. 163‑323(b), nominations
shall be made by primary election as provided by this Article, without
designation as to the vacancy.
(2) If the vacancy occurs beginning on
opening of the filing period under G.S. 163‑323(b), and ending on
the sixtieth day before the general election, candidate filing shall be as
provided by G.S. 163‑329 without designation as to the vacancy.
(3) The general election ballot shall
contain, without designation as to vacancy, spaces for the election to fill the
vacancy where nominations were made or candidates filed under subdivision (1)
or (2) of this section. Except as provided in G.S. 163‑329, the
persons receiving the highest numbers of votes equal to the term or terms to be
filled shall be elected to the term or terms.
"§ 163‑328. Failure of candidates to file; death or other disqualification of a candidate; no withdrawal from candidacy.
…
(e) Death, Disqualification, or Failure to Qualify
After Election. – If a person elected to the office of justice of the Supreme Court,Court
or judge of the Court of Appeals, or superior or district court judgeAppeals
dies or becomes disqualified on or after election day and before he has
qualified by taking the oath of office, or fails to qualify by refusing to take
the oath of office, the office shall be deemed vacant and shall be filled as
provided by law.
"§ 163‑329. Elections to fill vacancy in office created after primary filing period opens.
(a) General. – If a vacancy is created in the office
of justice of the Supreme Court,Court or judge of the Court of Appeals,
or judge of superior courtAppeals after the filing period for the
primary opens but more than 60 days before the general election, and under the
Constitution of North Carolina an election is to be held for that position,
such that the office shall be filled in the general election as provided in G.S. 163‑9,
the election to fill the office for the remainder of the term shall be
conducted without a primary using the method provided in subsection (b1) of
this section. If a vacancy is created in the office of justice of the Supreme Court,Court
or judge of the Court of Appeals, or judge of superior courtAppeals
before the filing period for the primary opens, and under the Constitution of
North Carolina an election is to be held for that position, such that the
office shall be filled in the general election as provided in G.S. 163‑9,
the election to fill the office for the remainder of the term shall be
conducted in accordance with G.S. 163‑322.
(b) Repealed by Session Laws 2006‑192, s. 8(a), effective August 3, 2006, and applicable to vacancies occurring on or after that date.
(b1) Method for Vacancy Election. – If a vacancy for the
office of justice of the Supreme Court, Court or judge of the
Court of Appeals, or judge of the superior courtAppeals occurs
more than 60 days before the general election and after the opening of the
filing period for the primary, then the State Board of Elections shall
designate a special filing period of one week for candidates for the office. If
more than two candidates file and qualify for the office in accordance with G.S. 163‑323,
then the Board shall conduct the election for the office as follows:
(1) When the vacancy described in this section occurs more than 63 days before the date of the second primary for members of the General Assembly, a special primary shall be held on the same day as the second primary. The two candidates with the most votes in the special primary shall have their names placed on the ballot for the general election held on the same day as the general election for members of the General Assembly.
(2) When the vacancy described in this section occurs less than 64 days before the date of the second primary, a general election for all the candidates shall be held on the same day as the general election for members of the General Assembly and the results shall be determined on a plurality basis as provided by G.S. 163‑292.
(3) Repealed by Session Laws 2013‑381, s. 51.1, effective January 1, 2014.
(c) Applicable Provisions. – Except as provided in this section, the provisions of this Article apply to elections conducted under this section.
(d) Rules. – The State Board of Elections
shall adopt rules for the implementation of this section. The rules are not
subject to Article 2A of Chapter 150B of the General Statutes. The rules shall
include the following:
(1) If after the first‑choice candidate
is eliminated, a ballot does not indicate one of the uneliminated candidates as
an alternative choice, the ballot is exhausted and shall not be counted after
the initial round.
(2) The fact that the voter does not designate
a second or third choice does not invalidate the voter's higher choice or
choices.
(3) The fact that the voter gives more than
one ranking to the same candidate shall not invalidate the vote. The highest
ranking given a particular candidate shall count as long as the candidate is
not eliminated.
(4) In case of a tie between candidates such
that two or more candidates have an equal number of first choices and more than
two candidates qualify for the second round, instant runoff voting shall be
used to determine which two candidates shall advance to the second round.
…
"§ 163‑332. Ballots.
…
(b) Ballots to Be Furnished by County Board of Elections. – It shall be the duty of the county board of elections to print official ballots for the following offices to be voted for in the primary:
Justice of the Supreme Court.
Judge of the Court of Appeals.
Superior court judge.
District court judge.
In printing ballots, the county board of elections shall be governed by instructions of the State Board of Elections with regard to width, color, kind of paper, form, and size of type.
Three days before the election, the chairman of the county board of elections shall distribute official ballots to the chief judge of each precinct in his county, and the chief judge shall give a receipt for the ballots received. On the day of the primary, it shall be the chief judge's duty to have all the ballots so delivered available for use at the precinct voting place.
Ballots for a superior court judge or a district court judge shall be on the question of retention of the judge in accordance with Part 2 of Article 1A of Chapter 7A of the General Statutes.
…."
SECTION 13. Sections 2 through 12 of this act are effective only if the constitutional amendment proposed by Section 1 of this act is approved by the qualified voters in accordance with that section, and apply to vacancies in district and superior court judgeships on and after January 1, 2018.
SECTION 14. Except as otherwise provided, this act is effective when it becomes law.
