Bill Text: NY A00375 | 2023-2024 | General Assembly | Introduced
Bill Title: Removes the exclusion of part-time employees from certain definitions relating to employment and expanding the definition of employer; removes certain exclusions for employer notice requirements for the closing of a facility; removes the discretionary reduction of penalties for employers for certain acts or omissions concerning notice requirements for mass layoffs, relocations or employment loss; removes the maximum time period for determining back pay and other liabilities for certain employees who experience employment loss; allows the attorney general to take certain action to assist certain employees in receiving back pay and other liabilities; requires employers to pay severance to employees when there is a plant closing, relocation, or mass layoff.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 3-0)
Status: (Introduced) 2024-01-03 - referred to labor [A00375 Detail]
Download: New_York-2023-A00375-Introduced.html
STATE OF NEW YORK ________________________________________________________________________ 375 2023-2024 Regular Sessions IN ASSEMBLY January 6, 2023 ___________ Introduced by M. of A. BRONSON, SIMON -- read once and referred to the Committee on Labor AN ACT to amend the labor law, in relation to removing the exclusion of part-time employees from certain definitions relating to employment and expanding the definition of employer; removing certain exclusions for employer notice requirements for the closing of a facility; remov- ing the discretionary reduction of penalties for employers for certain acts or omissions concerning notice requirements for mass layoffs, relocations or employment loss; removing the maximum time period for determining back pay and other liabilities for certain employees who experience employment loss; allowing the attorney general to take certain action to assist certain employees in receiving back pay and other liabilities; and requiring employers to pay severance to employ- ees when there is a plant closing, relocation, or mass layoff The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem- bly, do enact as follows: 1 Section 1. Section 860-a of the labor law, as added by chapter 475 of 2 the laws of 2008, is amended to read as follows: 3 § 860-a. Definitions. As used in this article, the following terms 4 shall have the following meanings: 5 1. "Affected employees" means employees who may reasonably be expected 6 to experience an employment loss as a consequence of a proposed [plant] 7 facility closing or mass layoff by their employer. 8 2. "Affiliate" means a person that directly, or indirectly through one 9 or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under 10 common control with, a specified person. 11 3. "Associate", when used to indicate a relationship with any person, 12 means: 13 (a) any entity of which such person is an officer or partner or is, 14 directly or indirectly, the beneficial owner of ten percent or more of 15 any class of voting securities; EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [] is old law to be omitted. LBD01691-01-3A. 375 2 1 (b) any trust or other estate in which such person has a substantial 2 beneficial interest or as to which such person serves as trustee or in a 3 similar fiduciary capacity; and 4 (c) any relative or spouse of such person, or any relative of such 5 spouse, who has the same home as such person. 6 4. "Beneficial owner", when used with respect to any securities, means 7 a person: 8 (a) that, individually or with or through any of its affiliates or 9 associates, beneficially owns such securities, directly or indirectly; 10 or 11 (b) that, individually or with or through any of its affiliates or 12 associates, has (i) the right to acquire such securities, whether such 13 right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time, 14 pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not 15 in writing, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, 16 warrants or options, or otherwise; or (ii) the right to vote such secu- 17 rities pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether 18 or not in writing; provided, however, that a person shall not be deemed 19 the beneficial owner of any securities under this subparagraph if the 20 agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such securities (1) 21 arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a 22 proxy or consent solicitation made in accordance with the applicable 23 rules and regulations under the Exchange Act and (2) is not then report- 24 able on a Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act, or any comparable or 25 successor report; or 26 (c) that has any agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or 27 not in writing, for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting, except 28 voting pursuant to a revocable proxy or consent as described in subpara- 29 graph (ii) of paragraph (b) of this subdivision, or disposing of such 30 securities with any other person that beneficially owns, or whose affil- 31 iates or associates beneficially own, directly or indirectly, such secu- 32 rities. 33 5. "Control", including the terms "controlling", "controlled by" and 34 "under common control with", means the possession, directly or indirect- 35 ly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of (a) the management 36 and policies of a person, (b) the operation of a person, or (c) substan- 37 tially all of the assets of a person, whether through the ownership of 38 voting securities, by contract, or otherwise. A person's beneficial 39 ownership of ten percent or more of an entity's outstanding voting secu- 40 rities shall create a presumption that such person has control of such 41 entity. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a person shall not be deemed to 42 have control of an entity if such person holds voting securities, in 43 good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing this section, as an 44 agent, bank, broker, nominee, custodian or trustee for one or more bene- 45 ficial owners who do not individually or as a group have control of such 46 entity. 47 6. "Employment loss" means: 48 (a) an employment termination, other than a discharge for cause, 49 voluntary departure other than in anticipation of an announced facility 50 closing or mass layoff, or retirement; 51 (b) a mass layoff exceeding [six] three months; 52 (c) a reduction in hours of work of more than fifty percent during 53 each month of any consecutive [six-month] three-month period. 54 "Employment loss" shall not result under circumstances where a [plant] 55 facility closing or mass layoff is the result of the relocation or 56 consolidation of part or all of the employer's business and, before theA. 375 3 1 closing or mass layoff, the employer offers to transfer the employee to 2 a different site of employment within a reasonable commuting distance 3 with no more than a [six-month] three-month break in employment, or the 4 employer offers to transfer the employee to any other site of employ- 5 ment, regardless of distance, with no more than a [six-month] three- 6 month break in employment, and the employee accepts within thirty days 7 of the offer or of the closing or mass layoff, whichever is later. 8 [3.] 7. "Employer" means any business enterprise that employs fifty or 9 more employees[, excluding part-time employees, or fifty or more employ-10ees that work in the aggregate at least two thousand hours per week]. 11 "Employer" shall include any affiliate of an employer. "Employer" shall 12 not include the federal or state government or any of their political 13 subdivisions, including any unit of local government or any school 14 district. 15 [4.] 8. "Exchange Act" means the act of Congress known as the Securi- 16 ties Exchange Act of 1934, as the same has been or hereafter may be 17 amended from time to time. 18 9. "Mass layoff" means a reduction in force which: 19 (a) is not the result of a [plant] facility closing; and 20 (b) results in an employment loss for those working at or reporting to 21 a single site of employment during any thirty-day period for[:22(i) at least thirty-three percent of the employees (excluding part-23time employees); and24(ii) at least twenty-five employees (excluding part-time employees);25or26(iii) at least two hundred fifty employees (excluding part-time27employees)] twenty or more employees. 28 [5. "Part-time employee" means an employee who is employed for an29average of fewer than twenty hours per week or who has been employed for30fewer than six of the twelve months preceding the date on which notice31is required.326. "Plant] 10. "Facility closing" means the permanent or temporary 33 shutdown of a single site of employment, or one or more facilities or 34 operating units within a single site of employment, if the shutdown 35 results in an employment loss at the single site of employment during 36 any thirty-day period for [twenty-five] twenty or more employees [(other37than part-time employees)]. 38 [7.] 11. "Representative" means an exclusive representative within the 39 meaning of section 9(a) or 8(f) of the National Labor Relations Act (29 40 U.S.C. 159(a), 158(f)) or section 2 of the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 41 152). 42 [8.] 12. "Relocation" means the removal of all or substantially all of 43 the industrial or commercial operations of an employer to a different 44 location fifty miles or more away. 45 13. "Person" means any individual, partnership, association, corpo- 46 ration, cooperative, limited liability company, firm, trust, or other 47 entity. 48 § 2. Subdivisions 5 and 7 of section 860-b of the labor law, as added 49 by chapter 475 of the laws of 2008, are amended to read as follows: 50 5. In the case of a sale of part or all of an employer's business, the 51 seller shall be responsible for providing notice for any [plant] facili- 52 ty closing or mass layoff in accordance with this section, up to and 53 including the effective date of the sale. After the effective date of 54 the sale of part or all of an employer's business, the purchaser shall 55 be responsible for providing notice for any [plant] facility closing or 56 mass layoff in accordance with this section. Notwithstanding any otherA. 375 4 1 provision of this article, any person who is an employee of the seller 2 as of the effective date of the sale shall be considered an employee of 3 the purchaser immediately after the effective date of the sale. 4 7. Nothing set forth herein shall be read to prevent an employer who 5 is not required to comply with the notice requirements of this section, 6 to the extent possible, to provide notice to its employees about a 7 proposal to close a [plant] facility or permanently reduce its work- 8 force. 9 § 3. Subdivision 1 of section 860-c of the labor law, as added by 10 chapter 475 of the laws of 2008, is amended to read as follows: 11 1. In the case of a [plant] facility closing or mass layoff, an 12 employer is not required to comply with the notice requirement in subdi- 13 vision one of section eight hundred sixty-b of this article if: 14 (a)[(i) at the time the notice would have been required, the employer15was actively seeking capital or business; and16(ii) the capital or business sought, if obtained, would have enabled17the employer to avoid or postpone the relocation or termination; and18(iii) the employer reasonably and in good faith believed that giving19the notice required by subdivision one of section eight hundred sixty-b20of this article would have precluded the employer from obtaining the21needed capital or business;22(b) the need for a notice was not reasonably foreseeable at the time23the notice would have been required;24(c)] the [plant] facility closing is of a temporary facility or the 25 [plant] facility closing or mass layoff is the result of the completion 26 of a particular project or undertaking, and the affected employees were 27 hired with the understanding that their employment was limited to the 28 duration of the facility or project or undertaking; 29 [(d) the plant closing or mass layoff is due to any form of natural30disaster, such as a flood, earthquake, or drought; or31(e)] (b) the facility closing or mass layoff constitutes a strike or 32 constitutes a lockout not intended to evade the requirements of this 33 article. Nothing in this article shall require an employer to serve 34 written notice when permanently replacing a person who is deemed to be 35 an economic striker under the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 36 151 et seq.). Nothing in this article shall be deemed to validate or 37 invalidate any judicial or administrative ruling relating to the hiring 38 of permanent replacements for economic strikers under the National Labor 39 Relations Act. 40 § 4. Section 860-d of the labor law, as added by chapter 475 of the 41 laws of 2008, is amended to read as follows: 42 § 860-d. Extension of mass layoff period. A mass layoff of more than 43 [six] three months which, at its outset, was announced to be a mass 44 layoff of [six] three months or less with an announced expected date of 45 recall shall be treated as an employment loss under this article unless: 46 1. the extension beyond [six] three months is caused by business 47 circumstances (including unforeseeable changes in price or cost) not 48 reasonably foreseeable at the time of the initial mass layoff; and 49 2. notice is given at the time it becomes reasonably foreseeable that 50 the extension beyond [six] three months will be required. 51 § 5. Section 860-e of the labor law, as added by chapter 475 of the 52 laws of 2008, is amended to read as follows: 53 § 860-e. Determinations with respect to employment loss. In determin- 54 ing whether a [plant] facility closing or mass layoff has occurred or 55 will occur, employment losses for two or more groups of employees at a 56 single site of employment, each of which is less than the minimum numberA. 375 5 1 of employees specified in [subdivisions four or six] subdivision nine or 2 ten of section eight hundred sixty-a of this article but which in the 3 aggregate meet or exceed that minimum number set forth in such subdivi- 4 sions, and which occur within any ninety-day period shall be considered 5 to be a [plant] facility closing or mass layoff unless the employer 6 demonstrates that the employment losses are the result of separate and 7 distinct actions and causes and are not an attempt by the employer to 8 evade the requirements of this article. 9 § 6. The section heading of section 860-g of the labor law, as added 10 by chapter 475 of the laws of 2008, is amended to read as follows: 11 Violation; liability; severance. 12 § 7. Subdivisions 2, 4, 6 and 8 of section 860-g of the labor law, as 13 added by chapter 475 of the laws of 2008, are amended and two new subdi- 14 visions 9 and 10 are added to read as follows: 15 2. Back pay and other liability under this section is calculated for 16 the period of the employer's violation, [up to a maximum of sixty days,] 17 or one-half the number of days that the employee was employed by the 18 employer, whichever period is smaller. 19 4. The amount of an employer's liability under subdivision one of this 20 section, shall be reduced by the following: 21 (a) Any wages, except vacation moneys accrued before the period of the 22 employer's violation, paid by the employer to the employee during the 23 period of the employer's violation. 24 (b) Any voluntary and unconditional payments made by the employer to 25 the employee that were not required to satisfy any legal obligation. 26 (c) Any [payments by the employer to a third party or trustee, such as27premiums for health benefits or payments to a defined contribution28pension plan, on behalf of and attributable to the employee for the29period of the violation.30(d) Any] liability paid by the employer under any applicable federal 31 law governing notification of mass layoffs, [plant] facility closings, 32 or relocations. 33 [(e)] (d) In an administrative proceeding by the commissioner, any 34 liability paid by the employer prior to the commissioner's determination 35 as the result of a private action brought under this article. 36 [(f)] (e) In a private action brought under this article, any liabil- 37 ity paid by the employer in an administrative proceeding by the commis- 38 sioner prior to the adjudication of such private action. 39 6. [If an employer proves to the satisfaction of the commissioner that40the act or omission that violated this article was in good faith and41that the employer had reasonable grounds for believing that the act or42omission was not a violation of this article, the commissioner may, in43his or her discretion, reduce the amount of liability provided for in44this section. In determining the amount of such reduction, the commis-45sioner shall consider (a) the size of the employer; (b) the hardships46imposed on employees by the violation; (c) any efforts by the employer47to mitigate the violation; and (d) the grounds for the employer's48belief.] 49 (a) Within thirty days after a natural disaster, such as a flood, 50 earthquake, or drought, an employer may make application to the commis- 51 sioner for a reduction in liability imposed under this article. If such 52 employer proves, to the satisfaction of the commissioner, that the mass 53 layoff, relocation or employment loss out of which liability arose was a 54 direct result of such natural disaster, the commissioner may, in his or 55 her discretion, reduce any liability with respect to such mass layoff, 56 relocation or employment loss provided for in this article, includingA. 375 6 1 the severance obligations provided by subdivision ten of this section. 2 In determining the amount of any approved reduction, the commissioner 3 shall consider:(i) the size of the employer; (ii) the hardships imposed 4 on employees by any and all violations; (iii) any efforts by the employ- 5 er to mitigate any violation or violations and any reduction in liabil- 6 ity to employees; and (iv) the degree of harm caused to the employer and 7 the employees by the natural disaster. 8 (b) Any aggrieved employee of an employer making application pursuant 9 to paragraph (a) of this subdivision seeking to challenge the determi- 10 nation of the commissioner may bring a civil action on their own behalf, 11 or on behalf of other persons similarly situated, or both, in any court 12 of competent jurisdiction, within the time period provided by section 13 two hundred thirteen of the civil practice law and rules. The court may 14 award reasonable attorney's fees as part of costs to any plaintiff who 15 prevails in a civil action brought under this article. 16 8. Neither the commissioner nor any court shall have the authority to 17 enjoin a [plant] facility closing, relocation, or mass layoff under this 18 article; provided, however, whenever an employer is liable pursuant to 19 subdivision one of this section, application may be made by the attorney 20 general in the name of the people of the state of New York to a court or 21 justice having jurisdiction by a special proceeding to issue an injunc- 22 tion, and upon notice to the defendant of not less than five days, to 23 enjoin and restrain the actions of such employer or take such other 24 actions the attorney general may deem appropriate to enforce the 25 provisions of subdivision one of this section. In connection with any 26 such proposed application, the attorney general is authorized to take 27 proof and make a determination of the relevant facts and to issue 28 subpoenas in accordance with the civil practice law and rules. 29 9. No waivers of liability under this article shall be enforceable 30 unless supervised by a court, the commissioner or certified class coun- 31 sel. 32 10. Whenever there is a plant closing, relocation, or mass layoff 33 under this article, the employer shall pay severance to each employee 34 entitled to notice who lost his or her employment equal to one week of 35 pay for each full year of employment. An employer who fails to give 36 notice as required by paragraph (a) of subdivision one of section eight 37 hundred sixty-b of this article before ordering a mass layoff, relo- 38 cation, or employment loss shall pay each such employee an additional 39 four weeks of severance pay. The rate of severance pay provided by the 40 employer pursuant to this section shall be the average regular rate of 41 compensation received by the employee during the last three years of 42 employment with the employer, or the employee's final regular rate of 43 compensation, whichever is higher. Severance under this subdivision 44 shall be regarded as compensation due to an employee for losses associ- 45 ated with the termination of the employment relationship, and earned in 46 full upon the termination of the employment relationship, notwithstand- 47 ing the calculation of the amount of the payment with reference to the 48 employee's length of service. The employer shall pay the severance pay 49 required pursuant to this subdivision or the severance pay required by a 50 collective bargaining agreement or for any other reason, whichever is 51 greater. The four weeks of severance pay provided for an employee by 52 this subdivision in the event of a failure to give notice as required by 53 paragraph (a) of subdivision one of section eight hundred sixty-b of 54 this article shall be reduced by any back pay paid to the employee 55 pursuant to this section or subsection 5 of section 2104 of the federal 56 Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2104A. 375 7 1 et seq.), because of a violation of subsection 3 of section 2102 of such 2 act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2102 et seq.). No waiver of the right to severance 3 provided pursuant to this subdivision shall be effective without 4 approval of the waiver by the commissioner or a court of competent 5 jurisdiction. 6 § 8. This act shall take effect immediately.
