Bill Text: MO HB1924 | 2012 | Regular Session | Introduced
Bill Title: Establishes the Night Sky Protection Act to reduce the amount of light emitted into the night sky to near natural levels for specified protected places
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2012-05-01 - Public Hearing Completed (H) [HB1924 Detail]
Download: Missouri-2012-HB1924-Introduced.html
SECOND REGULAR SESSION
96TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY
INTRODUCED BY REPRESENTATIVES HOLSMAN (Sponsor), OXFORD, TALBOY AND MORGAN (Co-sponsors).
6133L.01I D. ADAM CRUMBLISS, Chief Clerk
AN ACT
To repeal section 643.020, RSMo, and to enact in lieu thereof two new sections relating to light pollution.
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the state of Missouri, as follows:
Section A. Section 643.020, RSMo, is repealed and two new sections enacted in lieu thereof, to be known as sections 643.020 and 643.630, to read as follows:
643.020. When used in this chapter and in standards, rules and regulations promulgated under authority of this chapter, the following words and phrases mean:
(1) "AHERA", Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-519);
(2) "Abatement project designer", an individual who designs or plans AHERA asbestos abatement;
(3) "Air cleaning device", any method, process, or equipment which removes, reduces, or renders less obnoxious air contaminants discharged into ambient air;
(4) "Air contaminant", any particulate matter or any gas or vapor or light or any combination thereof;
(5) "Air contaminant source", any and all sources of air contaminants whether privately or publicly owned or operated;
(6) "Air pollution", the presence in the ambient air of one or more air contaminants in quantities, of characteristics and of a duration which directly and proximately cause or contribute to injury to human, plant, or animal life or health or to property or which unreasonably interferes with the enjoyment of life or use of property;
(7) "Ambient air", all space outside of buildings, stacks, or exterior ducts;
(8) "Area of the state", any geographical area designated by the commission;
(9) "Asbestos", the asbestiform varieties of chrysotile, crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite, tremolite and actinolite;
(10) "Asbestos abatement", the encapsulation, enclosure or removal of asbestos-containing materials in or from a building or air contaminant source, or preparation of friable asbestos-containing material prior to demolition;
(11) "Asbestos abatement contractor", any person who by agreement, contractual or otherwise, conducts asbestos abatement projects at a location other than his own place of business;
(12) "Asbestos abatement projects", an activity undertaken to encapsulate, enclose or remove one hundred sixty square feet or two hundred sixty linear feet or thirty-five cubic feet or more of regulated asbestos-containing materials from buildings and other air contaminant sources, or to demolish buildings and other air contaminant sources containing one hundred sixty square feet or two hundred sixty linear feet or thirty-five cubic feet or more of regulated asbestos-containing materials;
(13) "Asbestos abatement supervisor", an individual who directs, controls, or supervises others in asbestos abatement projects;
(14) "Asbestos abatement worker", an individual who engages in asbestos abatement projects;
(15) "Asbestos air sampling professional", an individual who by qualifications and experience is proficient in asbestos abatement air monitoring. The individual shall conduct, oversee or be responsible for air monitoring of asbestos abatement projects before, during and after the project has been completed;
(16) "Asbestos air sampling technician", an individual who has been trained by an air sampling professional to do air monitoring. Such individual conducts air monitoring of an asbestos abatement project before, during and after the project has been completed;
(17) "Asbestos-containing material", any material or product which contains more than one percent asbestos;
(18) "Class A source", either a class A1, A2 or A3 source as defined in this section;
(19) "Class A1 source", any air contaminant source with the potential to emit equal to or greater than one hundred tons per year of an air contaminant;
(20) "Class A2 source", any air contaminant source, which is not a class A1 source, and with the potential, air cleaning devices not considered, to emit equal to or greater than one hundred tons per year of an air contaminant;
(21) "Class A3 source", any air contaminant source which emits or has the potential to emit, ten tons per year or more of any hazardous air pollutant or twenty-five tons of any combination of hazardous air pollutants, or as defined pursuant to Section 112 of the federal Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 7412;
(22) "Class B source", any air contaminant source with the potential, air cleaning devices not considered, to emit equal to or greater than the de minimis amounts of an air contaminant established by the commission, but not a class A source;
(23) "Commission", the air conservation commission of the state of Missouri created in section 643.040;
(24) "Competent person", as defined in the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) standard 29 CFR 1926.1101(b). Such person shall also be a certified asbestos abatement supervisor;
(25) "Conference, conciliation and persuasion", a process of verbal or written communications consisting of meetings, reports, correspondence or telephone conferences between authorized representatives of the department and the alleged violator. The process shall, at a minimum, consist of one offer to meet with the alleged violator tendered by the department. During any such meeting, the department and the alleged violator shall negotiate in good faith to eliminate the alleged violation and shall attempt to agree upon a plan to achieve compliance;
(26) "De minimis source", any air contaminant source with a potential to emit an air contaminant, air cleaning devices not considered, less than that established by the commission as de minimis for the air contaminant;
(27) "Department", the department of natural resources of the state of Missouri;
(28) "Director", the director of the department of natural resources;
(29) "Emergency asbestos project", an asbestos project that must be undertaken immediately to prevent imminent, severe, human exposure or to restore essential facility operation;
(30) "Emission", the discharge or release into the atmosphere of one or more air contaminants;
(31) "Emission control regulations", limitations on the emission of air contaminants into the ambient air;
(32) "Friable asbestos-containing material", any material containing more than one percent, as determined by either the method specified in appendix E, section 1 Polarized Light Microscopy in 40 CFR Part 61, Subpart M or EPA/600/R-93/116 Method for the Determination of Asbestos in Bulk Building Materials, asbestos that, when dry, can be crumbled, pulverized or reduced to powder by hand pressure;
(33) "Grinding", to reduce to powder or small fragments and includes mechanical chipping or drilling;
(34) "Inspector", an individual who collects and assimilates information used to determine whether asbestos-containing material is present in a building or other air contaminant sources;
(35) "Management planner", an individual, under AHERA, who devises and writes plans for asbestos abatement;
(36) "Minor violation", a violation which possesses a small potential to harm the environment or human health or cause pollution, was not knowingly committed, and is not defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as other than minor;
(37) "Nonattainment area", any area designated by the governor as a "nonattainment area" as defined in the federal Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 7501;
(38) "Nonfriable asbestos-containing material", any material containing more than one percent asbestos as determined by either the method specified in appendix E, section 1 Polarized Light Microscopy in 40 CFR Part 61, Subpart M or EPA/600/R-93/116 Method for the Determination of Asbestos in Bulk Building Materials, that, when dry, cannot be crumbled, pulverized or reduced to powder by hand pressure;
(39) "Person", any individual, partnership, copartnership, firm, company, or public or private corporation, association, joint stock company, trust, estate, political subdivision, or any agency, board, department, or bureau of the state or federal government, or any other legal entity whatever which is recognized by law as the subject of rights and duties;
(40) "Regulated asbestos-containing material" or "RACM":
(a) Friable asbestos-containing material;
(b) Category I nonfriable asbestos-containing material that will be or has been subjected to sanding, grinding, cutting, or abrading; or
(c) Category II nonfriable asbestos-containing material that has a high probability of becoming or has become crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by the forces expected to act on the material in the course of demolition or renovation operations;
(41) "School district", seven-director districts, urban school districts, and metropolitan school districts, as defined in section 160.011;
(42) "Small business", for the purpose of sections 643.010 to 643.355, a small business shall include any business regulated under this chapter, which is not a class A source and which employs less than one hundred people and emits less than fifty tons of any regulated pollutant per year and less than seventy-five tons of all regulated pollutants or as otherwise defined by the commission by rule.
643.630. 1. To reduce the amount of light emitted into the nighttime sky to near natural levels for Missouri protected places, there is hereby created the "Night Sky Protection Act".
2. As used in this section, the following words mean:
(1) "Light emission", the discharge or release of light into the atmosphere;
(2) "Microcandela", the unit of measurement that describes the intensity of a light source;
(3) "Missouri protected place" or "Missouri protected places", includes:
(a) Missouri state parks and state historic sites that allow overnight camping;
(b) Wilderness areas belonging to the National Wilderness Preservation System;
(c) Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge;
(d) Ozark National Scenic Riverways; or
(e) Designated military training areas;
(4) "Nighttime sky", the sky overhead on a clear night.
3. The commission shall develop voluntary guidelines to achieve the following standards:
(1) By 2025, no Missouri protected place shall have a night sky luminance twice the natural nighttime sky luminance;
(2) By 2025, ninety percent of Missouri protected places shall not have a night sky luminance more than thirty percent of the natural nighttime sky luminance;
(3) By 2040, ninety percent of Missouri protected places shall not have a night sky luminance more than twenty percent of the natural nighttime sky luminance;
(4) By 2055, ninety percent of Missouri protected places shall not have a night sky luminance more than ten percent of the natural nighttime sky luminance.
The commission shall determine the natural nighttime sky luminance for each Missouri protected place based on environmental conditions.
4. The commission shall develop a forecast of the night sky luminance over the next year, five years, and ten years. The commission shall also annually report to the department the sky luminance of Missouri protected places in microcandela per square meter.
5. The provisions of this section shall not be subject to section 643.055 until such time that the provisions of the federal Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. Section 7401, et seq., are stricter than the provisions of this section.
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